വിക്കിപീഡിയ

അമേരിക്കൻ ഐക്യനാടുകളിലെ ദേശീയോദ്യാനങ്ങൾ

അമേരിക്കൻ ഐക്യനാടുകളിൽ 59 സംരക്ഷിത പ്രദേശങ്ങളെ ദേശീയോദ്യാനങ്ങളായി പ്രഖ്യാപിച്ചിട്ടുണ്ട്. യുണൈറ്റഡ് സ്റ്റേറ്റ്സ് ആഭ്യന്തര വകുപ്പിന് കീഴിലുള്ള് നാഷണൽ പാർക് സർവീസ് എന്ന ഏജൻസിക്കാണ് ഈ ദേശീയോദ്യാനങ്ങളുടെ ഭരണചുമതല. അമേരിക്കയിലെ ആദ്യത്തെ ദേശീയോദ്യാനമായ, യെല്ലോസ്റ്റോൺ, നിയമം മൂലം സ്ഥാപിതമാകുന്നത് 1872-ൽ പ്രസിഡന്റ് യുള്ളിസസ് എസ്. ഗ്രാന്റിന്റെ കാലത്താണ്.[1]

ദേശീയോദ്യാനങ്ങൾ

തിരുത്തുക
പേര് ചിത്രം സ്ഥാനം സ്ഥാപിച്ച

ദിനം[2][3]

വിസ്തീർണം

(2016)[4]

സന്ദർശിച്ച

ആളുകളുടെ

എണ്ണം (2016)[5]

കുറിപ്പ്
അക്കേഡിയ   മെയ്ൻ

44°21′N 68°13′W / 44.35°N 68.21°W / 44.35; -68.21 (Acadia)

26-

ഫെബ്രുവരി, 1919

49,057.36 ഏക്കർ (198.5 കി.m2) 3,303,393 മൗണ്ട് ഡെസേർട്ട് ദ്വീപിലും സമീപ ദ്വീപുകളിലുമായി വ്യാപിച്ച് കിടക്കുന്നു. കാഡിലാക് പർവ്വതനിര, ഗ്രാനൈറ്റ് മലകൾ, സമുദ്രതീരങ്ങൾ, മരത്തോപ്പുകൾ, തടാകങ്ങൾ തുടങ്ങിയ ഉൾപ്പെടുന്നു.[6][7]
അമേരിക്കൻ സമോവ   അമേരിക്കൻ

സമോവ 14°15′S 170°41′W / 14.25°S 170.68°W / -14.25; -170.68 (National Park of American Samoa)

8,256.67 ഏക്കർ (33.4 കി.m2) 28,892 അമേരിക്കൻ ഐക്യനാടുകളിലെ ഏറ്റവും തെക്കുള്ള ദേശീയോദ്യാനം, അമേരിക്കൻ സമോവ ദ്വീപിൽ സ്ഥിതിചെയ്യുന്നു. പവിഴപുറ്റുകൾ, മഴക്കാടുകൾ, അഗ്നിപർവ്വതങ്ങൾ കടൽത്തീരങ്ങൾ എന്നീ ആവാസവ്യവസ്ഥകളെ സംരക്ഷിച്ച് വരുന്നു. പറക്കും കുറുക്കൻ, ബ്രൗൺ ബൂബി, കടലാമകൾ, വിവിധയിനം മത്സ്യങ്ങൾ എന്നിവ ഇവിടെ കാണപ്പെടുന്ന ചില ജീവികളാണ്.[8]
ആർച്ചസ്   യൂറ്റാ

38°41′N 109°34′W / 38.68°N 109.57°W / 38.68; -109.57 (Arches)

76,678.98 ഏക്കർ (310.3 കി.m2) 1,585,718 നൈസർഗ്ഗികമായി രൂപം കൊണ്ട 2,000 ലധികം മണൽ കൽ കമാനങ്ങളുടെ ഒരു സഞ്ചയം ഈ ദേശീയോദ്യാനത്തെ സവിശേഷമാക്കുന്നു. ഡെലികേറ്റ് ആർച്ച്, ലാൻഡ്സ്കേപ് ആർച്ച്, ഡബിൾ ആർച്ച് എന്നിവ പ്രശസ്തമായ ചില കൽ-കമാനങ്ങളാണ്.[9] ദശലക്ഷക്കണക്കിന് വർഷങ്ങളായുള്ള പ്രകൃതിയുടെ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങൾ മൂലമാണ് ഇത്തം ഭൗമ രൂപങ്ങൾ സൃഷ്ടിക്കപ്പെടുന്നത്. പിനാക്കിളുകൾ, ഫിനുകൾ, ബാലൻസിങ് പാറകൾ തുടങ്ങിയ ഭൗമരൂപങ്ങളും ഇവിടെ കാണപ്പെടുന്നു.[10]
ബാഡ് ലാൻഡ്സ്   തെക്കൻ ഡക്കോട്ട

43°45′N 102°30′W / 43.75°N 102.50°W / 43.75; -102.50 (Badlands)

242,755.94 ഏക്കർ (982.4 കി.m2) 996,263 The Badlands are a collection of buttes, pinnacles, spires, and mixed-grass prairies. The White River Badlands contain the largest assemblage of known late Eocene and Oligocene mammal fossils.[11] The wildlife includes bison, bighorn sheep, black-footed ferrets, and prairie dogs.[12]
ബിഗ് ബെൻഡ്   ടെക്സാസ്

29°15′N 103°15′W / 29.25°N 103.25°W / 29.25; -103.25 (Big Bend)

801,163.21 ഏക്കർ (3,242.2 കി.m2) 388,290 Named for the prominent bend in the Rio Grande along the US–Mexico border, this park encompasses a large and remote part of the Chihuahuan Desert. Its main attraction is backcountry recreation in the arid Chisos Mountains and in canyons along the river. A wide variety of Cretaceous and Tertiary fossils as well as cultural artifacts of Native Americans also exist within its borders.[13] (BR)[14]
ബിസ്കെയ്ൻ   ഫ്ലോറിഡ

25°39′N 80°05′W / 25.65°N 80.08°W / 25.65; -80.08 (Biscayne)

172,971.11 ഏക്കർ (700.0 കി.m2) 514,709 ബിസ്കെയ്ൻ ഉൾക്കടലിൽ സ്ഥിതിചെയ്യുന്ന ഈ ദേശീീയോദ്യാനം ഫ്ലോറിഡ സംസ്ഥാനത്തിൽ പെടുന്നു. 4 വ്യത്യസ്ത പാരിസ്ഥിതിക വ്യവസ്ഥകൾ ഇവിടെയുണ്ട്: കണ്ടൽ വനങ്ങൾ, ഉൾക്കടൽ, കീ എന്നറിയപ്പെടുന്ന ദ്വീപുകൾ, പവിഴപുറ്റുകൾ. കാണപ്പെടുന്ന ചില ജീവികൾ: വെസ്റ്റ് ഇന്ത്യൻ കടല്പശു, അമേരിക്കൻ ചീങ്കണ്ണി, വിവിധയിനം കടലാമകൾ, കായൽ പുള്ള്.[15]
ബ്ലാക്ക് കാന്യൺ ഓഫ് ദ ഗുന്നിസൺ ദേശീയോദ്യാനം   കൊളറാഡൊ

38°34′N 107°43′W / 38.57°N 107.72°W / 38.57; -107.72 (Black Canyon of the Gunnison)

30,749.75 ഏക്കർ (124.4 കി.m2) 238,018 The park protects a quarter of the Gunnison River, which slices sheer canyon walls from dark Precambrian-era rock. The canyon features some of the steepest cliffs and oldest rock in North America, and is a popular site for river rafting and rock climbing. The deep, narrow canyon is composed of gneiss and schist which appears black when in shadow.[16]
ബ്രൈസ് കാന്യോൺ   യൂറ്റാ

37°34′N 112°11′W / 37.57°N 112.18°W / 37.57; -112.18 (Bryce Canyon)

35,835.08 ഏക്കർ (145.0 കി.m2) 2,365,110 Bryce Canyon is a geological amphitheater on the Paunsaugunt Plateau with hundreds of tall, multicolored sandstone hoodoos formed by erosion. The region was originally settled by Native Americans and later by Mormon pioneers.[17]
കാന്യൺ ലാൻഡ്സ്   യൂറ്റാ

38°12′N 109°56′W / 38.2°N 109.93°W / 38.2; -109.93 (Canyonlands)

337,597.83 ഏക്കർ (1,366.2 കി.m2) 776,218 This landscape was eroded into a maze of canyons, buttes, and mesas by the combined efforts of the Colorado River, Green River, and their tributaries, which divide the park into three districts. The park also contains rock pinnacles and arches, as well as artifacts from Ancient Pueblo peoples.[18]
കാപിറ്റോൾ റീഫ്   യൂറ്റാ

38°12′N 111°10′W / 38.20°N 111.17°W / 38.20; -111.17 (Capitol Reef)

Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഡിസംബർ 18, 1971' is an invalid date 241,904.26 ഏക്കർ (979.0 കി.m2) 1,064,904 The park's Waterpocket Fold is a 100-മൈൽ (160 കി.മീ) monocline that exhibits the earth's diverse geologic layers. Other natural features include monoliths, cliffs, and sandstone domes shaped like the United States Capitol.[19]
കാൾസ്ബാദ് ഗുഹകൾ   ന്യൂ മെക്സിക്കൊ

32°10′N 104°26′W / 32.17°N 104.44°W / 32.17; -104.44 (Carlsbad Caverns)

Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'മെയ് 14, 1930' is an invalid date 46,766.45 ഏക്കർ (189.3 കി.m2) 466,773 Carlsbad Caverns has 117 caves, the longest of which is over 120 മൈൽ (190 കി.മീ) long. The Big Room is almost 4,000 അടി (1,200 മീ) long, and the caves are home to over 400,000 Mexican free-tailed bats and sixteen other species. Above ground are the Chihuahuan Desert and Rattlesnake Springs.[20] (WHS)[21]
ചാനൽ ദ്വീപുകൾ   കാലിഫോർണിയ

34°01′N 119°25′W / 34.01°N 119.42°W / 34.01; -119.42 (Channel Islands)

Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'മാർച്ച് 5, 1980' is an invalid date 249,561.00 ഏക്കർ (1,009.9 കി.m2) 364,807 Five of the eight Channel Islands are protected, and half of the park's area is underwater. The islands have a unique Mediterranean ecosystem originally settled by the Chumash people. They are home to over 2,000 species of land plants and animals, and 145 are unique to them, including the island fox. Ferry services offer transportation to the islands from the mainland.[22] (BR)[23]
കോൻഗരീ   തെക്കൻ കരോലിന

33°47′N 80°47′W / 33.78°N 80.78°W / 33.78; -80.78 (Congaree)

Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'നവംബർ 10, 2003' is an invalid date 26,275.82 ഏക്കർ (106.3 കി.m2) 143,843 On the Congaree River, this park is the largest portion of old-growth floodplain forest left in North America. Some of the trees are the tallest in the eastern United States. An elevated walkway called the Boardwalk Loop guides visitors through the swamp.[24] (BR)[25]
ക്രേറ്റർ ലേക്ക്   ഒറിഗൺ

42°56′N 122°06′W / 42.94°N 122.1°W / 42.94; -122.1 (Crater Lake)

Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'മെയ് 22, 1902' is an invalid date 183,224.05 ഏക്കർ (741.5 കി.m2) 756,344 Crater Lake lies in the caldera of an ancient volcano called Mount Mazama that collapsed 7,700 years ago. It is the deepest lake in the United States and is noted for its vivid blue color and water clarity. There are two more recent volcanic islands in the lake, and, with no inlets or outlets, all water comes through precipitation.[26]
കുയാഹോഗ വാലി   ഒഹിയോ

41°14′N 81°33′W / 41.24°N 81.55°W / 41.24; -81.55 (Cuyahoga Valley)

Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഒക്ടോബർ 11, 2000' is an invalid date 32,572.35 ഏക്കർ (131.8 കി.m2)[27] 2,423,390 This park along the Cuyahoga River has waterfalls, hills, trails, and exhibits on early rural living. The Ohio and Erie Canal Towpath Trail follows the Ohio and Erie Canal, where mules towed canal boats. The park has numerous historic homes, bridges, and structures,[28] and also offers a scenic train ride.[29]
മരണ താഴ്വര   കാലിഫോർണിയ, നെവാഡ

36°14′N 116°49′W / 36.24°N 116.82°W / 36.24; -116.82 (Death Valley)

Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഒക്ടോബർ 31, 1994' is an invalid date 3,373,063.14 ഏക്കർ (13,650.3 കി.m2) 1,296,283 Death Valley is the hottest, lowest, and driest place in the United States. Daytime temperatures have topped 130 °F (54 °C) and it is home to Badwater Basin, the lowest elevation in North America. The park contains canyons, badlands, sand dunes, and mountain ranges, while more than 1000 species of plants grow in this geologic graben. Additional points of interest include salt flats, historic mines, and springs.[30] (BR)[31]
ഡെനലി   അലാസ്ക63°20′N 150°30′W / 63.33°N 150.50°W / 63.33; -150.50 (Denali) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഫെബ്രുവരി 26, 1917' is an invalid date 4,740,911.16 ഏക്കർ (19,185.8 കി.m2) 587,412 Centered on Denali, the tallest mountain in North America, Denali is serviced by a single road leading to Wonder Lake. Denali and other peaks of the Alaska Range are covered with long glaciers and boreal forest. Wildlife includes grizzly bears, Dall sheep, caribou, and gray wolves.[32] (BR)[33]
ഡ്രൈ ടോർറ്റുഗാസ്   ഫ്ലോറിഡ24°38′N 82°52′W / 24.63°N 82.87°W / 24.63; -82.87 (Dry Tortugas) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഒക്ടോബർ 26, 1992' is an invalid date 64,701.22 ഏക്കർ (261.8 കി.m2) 73,661 The islands of the Dry Tortugas, at the westernmost end of the Florida Keys, are the site of Fort Jefferson, a Civil War-era fort that is the largest masonry structure in the Western Hemisphere. With most of the park being remote ocean, it is home to undisturbed coral reefs and shipwrecks and is only accessible by plane or boat.[34] (BR)[35]
എവർഗ്ലേഡ്സ്   ഫ്ലോറിഡ25°19′N 80°56′W / 25.32°N 80.93°W / 25.32; -80.93 (Everglades) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'മെയ് 30, 1934' is an invalid date 1,508,968.1 ഏക്കർ (6,106.6 കി.m2) 930,907 The Everglades are the largest tropical wilderness in the United States. This mangrove and tropical rainforest ecosystem and marine estuary is home to 36 protected species, including the Florida panther, American crocodile, and West Indian manatee. Some areas have been drained and developed; restoration projects aim to restore the ecology.[36] (WHS)[37] (BR)[35]
ഗേറ്റ്സ് ഓഫ് ദ ആർട്ടിക്   അലാസ്കാ 67°47′N 153°18′W / 67.78°N 153.30°W / 67.78; -153.30 (Gates of the Arctic) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഡിസംബർ 2, 1980' is an invalid date 7,523,897.45 ഏക്കർ (30,448.1 കി.m2) 10,047 The country's northernmost park protects an expanse of pure wilderness in Alaska's Brooks Range and has no park facilities. The land is home to Alaska Natives who have relied on the land and caribou for 11,000 years.[38]
ഗ്ലേഷ്യർ   മൊണ്ടാന48°48′N 114°00′W / 48.80°N 114.00°W / 48.80; -114.00 (Glacier) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'മെയ് 11, 1910' is an invalid date 1,013,128.94 ഏക്കർ (4,100.0 കി.m2) 2,946,681 The U.S. half of Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park, this park includes 26 glaciers and 130 named lakes surrounded by Rocky Mountain peaks. There are historic hotels and a landmark road called the Going-to-the-Sun Road in this region of rapidly receding glaciers.[39] The local mountains, formed by an overthrust, expose Paleozoic fossils including trilobites, mollusks, giant ferns and dinosaurs.[40] (WHS)[41] (BR)[42]
ഗ്ലേഷ്യർ ബേ   അലാസ്ക58°30′N 137°00′W / 58.50°N 137.00°W / 58.50; -137.00 (Glacier Bay) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഡിസംബർ 2, 1980' is an invalid date 3,223,383.43 ഏക്കർ (13,044.6 കി.m2) 520,171 Glacier Bay contains tidewater glaciers, mountains, fjords, and a temperate rainforest, and is home to large populations of grizzly bears, mountain goats, whales, seals, and eagles. When discovered in 1794 by George Vancouver, the entire bay was covered by ice, but the glaciers have since receded more than 65 മൈൽ (105 കി.മീ).[43] (WHS)[44] (BR)[45]
ഗ്രാൻഡ് കാന്യൺ   അരിസോണ36°04′N 112°08′W / 36.06°N 112.14°W / 36.06; -112.14 (Grand Canyon) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഫെബ്രുവരി 26, 1919' is an invalid date 1,201,647.03 ഏക്കർ (4,862.9 കി.m2) 5,969,811 The Grand Canyon, carved by the mighty Colorado River, is 277 മൈൽ (446 കി.മീ) long, up to 1 mile (1.6 km) deep, and up to 15 മൈൽ (24 കി.മീ) wide. Millions of years of erosion have exposed the multicolored layers of the Colorado Plateau in mesas and canyon walls, visible from both the north and south rims, or from a number of trails that descend into the canyon itself.[46] (WHS)[47]
ഗ്രാൻറ് ടെറ്റോൺ   വയോമിങ്ങ്43°44′N 110°48′W / 43.73°N 110.80°W / 43.73; -110.80 (Grand Teton) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഫെബ്രുവരി 26, 1929' is an invalid date 310,043.96 ഏക്കർ (1,254.7 കി.m2) 3,270,076 Grand Teton is the tallest mountain in the Teton Range. The park's historic Jackson Hole and reflective piedmont lakes teem with endemic wildlife, with a backdrop of craggy mountains that rise abruptly from the sage-covered valley.[48]
ഗ്രേറ്റ് ബേസിൻ   നെവാദ38°59′N 114°18′W / 38.98°N 114.30°W / 38.98; -114.30 (Great Basin) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഒക്ടോബർ 27, 1986' is an invalid date 77,180.00 ഏക്കർ (312.3 കി.m2) 144,846 Based around Nevada's second tallest mountain, Wheeler Peak, Great Basin National Park contains 5,000-year-old bristlecone pines, a rock glacier, and the limestone Lehman Caves. Due to its remote location, the park has some of the country's darkest night skies. Wildlife includes the Townsend's big-eared bat, pronghorn, and Bonneville cutthroat trout.[49]
ഗ്രേറ്റ് സാൻഡ് ഡ്യൂൺസ്   കൊളറാഡൊ37°44′N 105°31′W / 37.73°N 105.51°W / 37.73; -105.51 (Great Sand Dunes) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'സെപ്റ്റംബർ 13, 2004' is an invalid date 107,341.87 ഏക്കർ (434.4 കി.m2) 388,308 The tallest sand dunes in North America, up to 750 അടി (230 മീ) tall, were formed by deposits of the ancient Rio Grande in the San Luis Valley. Abutting a variety of grasslands, shrublands, and wetlands, the park also has alpine lakes, six 13,000-foot mountains, and old-growth forests.[50]
ഗ്രേറ്റ് സ്മോക്കി മലനിരകൾ   ടെന്നസീ, വടക്കൻ കരോലിന

35°41′N 83°32′W / 35.68°N 83.53°W / 35.68; -83.53 (Great Smoky Mountains)

Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ജൂൺ 15, 1934' is an invalid date 522,426.88 ഏക്കർ (2,114.2 കി.m2) 11,312,786 The Great Smoky Mountains, part of the Appalachian Mountains, span a wide range of elevations, making them home to over 400 vertebrate species, 100 tree species, and 5000 plant species. Hiking is the park's main attraction, with over 800 മൈൽ (1,300 കി.മീ) of trails, including 70 മൈൽ (110 കി.മീ) of the Appalachian Trail. Other activities include fishing, horseback riding, and touring nearly 80 historic structures.[51] (WHS)[52] (BR)[53]
ഗ്വാഡാലൂപെ മൌണ്ടൻസ്   ടെക്സാസ്31°55′N 104°52′W / 31.92°N 104.87°W / 31.92; -104.87 (Guadalupe Mountains) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഒക്ടോബർ 15, 1966' is an invalid date 86,367.10 ഏക്കർ (349.5 കി.m2) 181,839 This park contains Guadalupe Peak, the highest point in Texas, as well as the scenic McKittrick Canyon filled with bigtooth maples, a corner of the arid Chihuahuan Desert, and a fossilized coral reef from the Permian era.[54]
ഹെലിയാകാല   ഹവായി20°43′N 156°10′W / 20.72°N 156.17°W / 20.72; -156.17 (Haleakalā) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ആഗസ്റ്റ് 1, 1916' is an invalid date 33,264.62 ഏക്കർ (134.6 കി.m2) 1,263,558 The Haleakalā volcano on Maui features a very large crater with numerous cinder cones, Hosmer's Grove of alien trees, the Kipahulu section's scenic pools of freshwater fish, and the native Hawaiian goose. It is home to the greatest number of endangered species within a U.S. National Park.[55] (BR)[56]
ഹവായ് അഗ്നിപർവതങ്ങൾ   ഹവായി19°23′N 155°12′W / 19.38°N 155.20°W / 19.38; -155.20 (Hawaiʻi Volcanoes) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ആഗസ്റ്റ്1, 1916' is an invalid date 323,431.38 ഏക്കർ (1,308.9 കി.m2) 1,887,580 This park on the Big Island protects the Kīlauea and Mauna Loa volcanoes, two of the world's most active geological features. Diverse ecosystems range from tropical forests at sea level to barren lava beds at more than 13,000 അടി (4,000 മീ).[57] (WHS)[58] (BR)[56]
ഹോട്ട് സ്പ്രിങ്സ്   അർക്കാൻസാസ്34°31′N 93°03′W / 34.51°N 93.05°W / 34.51; -93.05 (Hot Springs) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'മാർച്ച് 4, 1921' is an invalid date 5,549.10 ഏക്കർ (22.5 കി.m2) 1,544,300 Hot Springs was established by act of Congress as a federal reserve on April 20, 1832, as such it is the oldest park managed by the National Park Service. Congress changed the reserve's designation to National Park on March 4, 1921 after the National Park Service was established in 1916. Hot Springs is the smallest and only National Park in an urban area and is based around natural hot springs that flow out of the low lying Ouachita Mountains. The springs provide opportunities for relaxation in an historic setting; Bathhouse Row preserves numerous examples of 19th-century architecture.[59]
ഐസ്‍ലെ റോയലെ   മിഷിഗൺ48°06′N 88°33′W / 48.10°N 88.55°W / 48.10; -88.55 (Isle Royale) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഏപ്രിൽ 3, 1940' is an invalid date 571,790.11 ഏക്കർ (2,314.0 കി.m2) 24,966 The largest island in Lake Superior is a place of isolation and wilderness. Along with its many shipwrecks, waterways, and hiking trails, the park also includes over 400 smaller islands within 4.5 മൈൽ (7.2 കി.മീ) of its shores. There are only 20 mammal species on the entire island, though the relationship between its wolf and moose populations is especially unique.[60] (BR)[61]
ജോഷ്വാ ട്രീ   കാലിഫോർണിയ33°47′N 115°54′W / 33.79°N 115.90°W / 33.79; -115.90 (Joshua Tree) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഒക്ടോബർ 31, 1994' is an invalid date 790,635.74 ഏക്കർ (3,199.6 കി.m2) 2,505,286 Covering large areas of the Colorado and Mojave Deserts and the Little San Bernardino Mountains, this desert landscape is populated by vast stands of Joshua trees. Large changes in elevation reveal various contrasting environments including bleached sand dunes, dry lakes, rugged mountains, and maze-like clusters of monzogranite monoliths.[62] (BR)[31]
കറ്റ്മായി   അലാസ്ക58°30′N 155°00′W / 58.50°N 155.00°W / 58.50; -155.00 (Katmai) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഡിസംബർ 2, 1980' is an invalid date 3,674,529.33 ഏക്കർ (14,870.3 കി.m2) 37,818 This park on the Alaska Peninsula protects the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, an ash flow formed by the 1912 eruption of Novarupta, as well as Mount Katmai. Over 2,000 grizzly bears come here each year to catch spawning salmon. Other wildlife includes caribou, wolves, moose, and wolverines.[63]
കെനായി ഫ്ജോർഡ്‍സ്   അലാസ്ക59°55′N 149°39′W / 59.92°N 149.65°W / 59.92; -149.65 (Kenai Fjords) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഡിസംബർ 2, 1980' is an invalid date 669,983.65 ഏക്കർ (2,711.3 കി.m2) 346,534 Near Seward on the Kenai Peninsula, this park protects the Harding Icefield and at least 38 glaciers and fjords stemming from it. The only area accessible to the public by road is Exit Glacier; the rest must be viewed or reached from boat tours.[64]
കിംഗ്‍സ് കാന്യൺ   കാലിഫോർണിയ36°48′N 118°33′W / 36.80°N 118.55°W / 36.80; -118.55 (Kings Canyon) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'മാർച്ച് 4, 1940' is an invalid date 461,901.20 ഏക്കർ (1,869.2 കി.m2) 607,479 Home to several giant sequoia groves and the General Grant Tree, the world's second largest measured tree, this park also features part of the Kings River, sculptor of the dramatic granite canyon that is its namesake, and the San Joaquin River, as well as Boyden Cave.[65] (BR)[66]
കൊബൂക്ക് വാലി   അലാസ്ക67°33′N 159°17′W / 67.55°N 159.28°W / 67.55; -159.28 (Kobuk Valley) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഡിസംബർ 2, 1980' is an invalid date 1,750,716.16 ഏക്കർ (7,084.9 കി.m2) 15,500 Kobuk Valley protects 61 മൈൽ (98 കി.മീ) of the Kobuk River and three regions of sand dunes. Created by glaciers, the Great Kobuk, Little Kobuk, and Hunt River Sand Dunes can reach 100 അടി (30 മീ) high and 100 °F (38 °C), and they are the largest dunes in the Arctic. Twice a year, half a million caribou migrate through the dunes and across river bluffs that expose well-preserved ice age fossils.[67]
ലേക്ക് ക്ലാർക്ക്   അലാസ്ക60°58′N 153°25′W / 60.97°N 153.42°W / 60.97; -153.42 (Lake Clark) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഡിസംബർ 2, 1980' is an invalid date 2,619,816.49 ഏക്കർ (10,602.0 കി.m2) 21,102 The region around Lake Clark features four active volcanoes, including Mount Redoubt, as well as an abundance of rivers, glaciers, and waterfalls. Temperate rainforests, a tundra plateau, and three mountain ranges complete the landscape.[68]
ലാസ്സെൻ വോൾക്കാനിക്   കാലിഫോർണിയ40°29′N 121°31′W / 40.49°N 121.51°W / 40.49; -121.51 (Lassen Volcanic) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ആഗസ്റ്റ് 9, 1916' is an invalid date 106,589.02 ഏക്കർ (431.4 കി.m2) 536,068 Lassen Peak, the largest plug dome volcano in the world, is joined by all three other types of volcanoes in this park: shield, cinder dome, and composite. Though Lassen itself last erupted in 1915, most of the rest of the park is continuously active. Numerous hydrothermal features, including fumaroles, boiling pools, and bubbling mud pots, are heated by molten rock from beneath the peak.[69]
മാമ്മത്ത് ഗുഹകൾ   കെൻറുക്കി37°11′N 86°06′W / 37.18°N 86.10°W / 37.18; -86.10 (Mammoth Cave) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ജൂലൈ 1, 1941' is an invalid date 52,830.19 ഏക്കർ (213.8 കി.m2) 586,514 With more than 400 മൈൽ (640 കി.മീ) of passageways explored, Mammoth Cave is the world's longest known cave system. Subterranean wildlife includes eight bat species, Kentucky cave shrimp, Northern cavefish, and cave salamanders. Above ground, the park provides recreation on the Green River, 70 miles of hiking trails, and plenty of sinkholes and springs.[70] (WHS)[71] (BR)[72]
മേസാ വെർഡെ   കൊളറാഡോ37°11′N 108°29′W / 37.18°N 108.49°W / 37.18; -108.49 (Mesa Verde) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ജൂൺ 29, 1906' is an invalid date 52,485.17 ഏക്കർ (212.4 കി.m2) 583,527 This area constitutes over 4,000 archaeological sites of the Ancestral Puebloan people, who lived here and elsewhere in the Four Corners region for at least 700 years. Cliff dwellings built in the 12th and 13th centuries include Cliff Palace, which has 150 rooms and 23 kivas, and the Balcony House, with its many passages and tunnels.[73] (WHS)[74]
മൌണ്ട് റെയ്‍നർ   വാഷിംഗ്‍ടൺ46°51′N 121°45′W / 46.85°N 121.75°W / 46.85; -121.75 (Mount Rainier) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'മാർച്ച് 2, 1899' is an invalid date 236,381.64 ഏക്കർ (956.6 കി.m2) 1,356,913 Mount Rainier, an active stratovolcano, is the most prominent peak in the Cascades, and is covered by 26 named glaciers including Carbon Glacier and Emmons Glacier, the largest in the contiguous United States. The mountain is popular for climbing, and more than half of the park is covered by subalpine and alpine forests and meadows seasonally in bloom with wildflowers. Paradise on the south slope is the snowiest place on Earth where snowfall is measured regularly.[75] The Longmire visitor center is the start of the Wonderland Trail, which encircles the mountain.[76]
നോർത്ത് കാസ്‍കേഡ്‍സ്   വാഷിംഗ്‍ടൺ48°42′N 121°12′W / 48.70°N 121.20°W / 48.70; -121.20 (North Cascades) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഒക്ടോബർ 2, 1968' is an invalid date 504,780.94 ഏക്കർ (2,042.8 കി.m2) 28,646 This complex encompasses two units of the National Park itself as well as the Ross Lake and Lake Chelan National Recreation Areas. The highly glaciated mountains are spectacular examples of Cascade geology. Popular hiking and climbing areas include Cascade Pass, Mount Shuksan, Mount Triumph, and Eldorado Peak.[77]
ഒളിമ്പിക്   വാഷിംഗ്‍ടൺ47°58′N 123°30′W / 47.97°N 123.50°W / 47.97; -123.50 (Olympic) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ജൂൺ 29, 1938' is an invalid date 922,650.10 ഏക്കർ (3,733.8 കി.m2) 3,390,221 Situated on the Olympic Peninsula, this park includes a wide range of ecosystems from Pacific shoreline to temperate rainforests to the alpine slopes of Mount Olympus. The scenic Olympic Mountains overlook the Hoh Rain Forest and Quinault Rain Forest, the wettest area in the contiguous United States, with the Hoh receiving an average of almost 12 അടി (3.7 മീ) of rain every year.[78][79] (WHS)[80] (BR)[81]
പെട്രിഫൈഡ് ഫോറസ്റ്റ്   അരിസോണ35°04′N 109°47′W / 35.07°N 109.78°W / 35.07; -109.78 (Petrified Forest) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഡിസംബർ 9, 1962' is an invalid date 221,415.77 ഏക്കർ (896.0 കി.m2) 643,274 This portion of the Chinle Formation has a large concentration of 225-million-year-old petrified wood. The surrounding Painted Desert features eroded cliffs of red-hued volcanic rock called bentonite. Dinosaur fossils and over 350 Native American sites are also protected in this park.[82]
പിന്നക്കിൾസ്   കാലിഫോർണിയ36°29′N 121°10′W / 36.48°N 121.16°W / 36.48; -121.16 (Pinnacles) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ജനുവരി 10, 2013' is an invalid date 26,685.73 ഏക്കർ (108.0 കി.m2) 215,555 Named for the eroded leftovers of a portion of an extinct volcano, the park's massive black and gold monoliths of andesite and rhyolite are a popular destination for rock climbers. Hikers have access to trails crossing the Coast Range wilderness. The park is home to the endangered California condor (Gymnogyps californianus) and one of the few locations in the world where these extremely rare birds can be seen in the wild. Pinnacles also supports a dense population of prairie falcons, and more than 13 species of bat which populate its talus caves.[83]
റെഡ് വുഡ്   കാലിഫോർണിയ41°18′N 124°00′W / 41.30°N 124.00°W / 41.30; -124.00 (Redwood) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഒക്ടോബർ 2, 1968' is an invalid date 138,999.37 ഏക്കർ (562.5 കി.m2) 536,297 This park and the co-managed state parks protect almost half of all remaining coastal redwoods, the tallest trees on earth. There are three large river systems in this very seismically active area, and 37 മൈൽ (60 കി.മീ) of protected coastline reveal tide pools and seastacks. The prairie, estuary, coast, river, and forest ecosystems contain a wide variety of animal and plant species.[84] (WHS)[85]
റോക്കി പർവ്വതനിരകൾ   കൊളറാഡോ40°24′N 105°35′W / 40.40°N 105.58°W / 40.40; -105.58 (Rocky Mountain) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ജനുവരി 26, 1915' is an invalid date 265,795.20 ഏക്കർ (1,075.6 കി.m2) 4,517,585 Bisected north to south by the Continental Divide, this portion of the Rockies has ecosystems varying from over 150 riparian lakes to montane and subalpine forests to treeless alpine tundra. Wildlife including mule deer, bighorn sheep, black bears, and cougars inhabit its igneous mountains and glacial valleys. Longs Peak, a classic Colorado fourteener, and the scenic Bear Lake are popular destinations, as well as the historic Trail Ridge Road, which reaches an elevation of more than 12,000 അടി (3,700 മീ).[86] (BR)[87]
സഗ്വാരോ   അരിസോണ32°15′N 110°30′W / 32.25°N 110.50°W / 32.25; -110.50 (Saguaro) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഒക്ടോബർ 14, 1994' is an invalid date 91,715.72 ഏക്കർ (371.2 കി.m2) 820,426 Split into the separate Rincon Mountain and Tucson Mountain districts, this park is evidence that the dry Sonoran Desert is still home to a great variety of life spanning six biotic communities. Beyond the namesake giant saguaro cacti, there are barrel cacti, chollas, and prickly pears, as well as lesser long-nosed bats, spotted owls, and javelinas.[88]
സെക്വോയാ   കാലിഫോർണിയ36°26′N 118°41′W / 36.43°N 118.68°W / 36.43; -118.68 (Sequoia) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'സെപ്റ്റംബർ 25, 1890' is an invalid date 404,062.63 ഏക്കർ (1,635.2 കി.m2) 1,254,688 This park protects the Giant Forest, which boasts some of the world's largest trees, the General Sherman being the largest measured tree in the park. Other features include over 240 caves, a long segment of the Sierra Nevada including the tallest mountain in the contiguous United States, and Moro Rock, a large granite dome.[89] (BR)[66]
ഷെനാണ്ടോവാ   വിർജീനിയ38°32′N 78°21′W / 38.53°N 78.35°W / 38.53; -78.35 (Shenandoah) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഡിസംബർ 26, 1935' is an invalid date 199,195.27 ഏക്കർ (806.1 കി.m2) 1,437,341 Shenandoah's Blue Ridge Mountains are covered by hardwood forests that teem with a wide variety of wildlife. The Skyline Drive and Appalachian Trail run the entire length of this narrow park, along with more than 500 മൈൽ (800 കി.മീ) of hiking trails passing scenic overlooks and cataracts of the Shenandoah River.[90]
തിയോഡാർ റൂസ്വെൽറ്റ്   വടക്കൻ ഡെക്കോട്ട46°58′N 103°27′W / 46.97°N 103.45°W / 46.97; -103.45 (Theodore Roosevelt) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'നവംബർ 10, 1978' is an invalid date 70,446.89 ഏക്കർ (285.1 കി.m2) 753,880 This region that enticed and influenced President Theodore Roosevelt consists of a park of three units in the northern badlands. Besides Roosevelt's historic cabin, there are numerous scenic drives and backcountry hiking opportunities. Wildlife includes American bison, pronghorn, bighorn sheep, and wild horses.[91]
വിർജിൻ ദ്വീപുകൾ   യുണൈറ്റഡ് സ്റ്റേറ്റ്സ് വിർജിൻ ദ്വീപുകൾ

18°20′N 64°44′W / 18.33°N 64.73°W / 18.33; -64.73 (Virgin Islands)

Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ആഗസ്ത് 2, 1956' is an invalid date 14,948.46 ഏക്കർ (60.5 കി.m2) 411,343 പ്രധാനമായും വിർജിൻ ദ്വീപുകളിലെ സെന്റ് ജോൺ ദ്വീപും പരിസരപ്രദേശങ്ങളും ഊൾപ്പെടുന്നു. സമുദ്രങ്ങൾ, കടൽത്തീരങ്ങൽ, മഴക്കാടുകൾ ചെറു ദ്വീപുകൾ എന്നിവയ്ക്ക് പ്രശസ്തം.[92] (BR)[93]
വൊയാഗ്വൂർസ്   മിന്നെസോട്ട48°30′N 92°53′W / 48.50°N 92.88°W / 48.50; -92.88 (Voyageurs) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ജനുവരി 8, 1971' is an invalid date 218,200.15 ഏക്കർ (883.0 കി.m2) 241,912 This park protecting four lakes near the Canada–US border is a site for canoeing, kayaking, and fishing. The park also preserves a history populated by Ojibwe Native Americans, French fur traders called voyageurs, and gold miners. Formed by glaciers, the region features tall bluffs, rock gardens, islands, bays, and several historic buildings.[94]
വിൻഡ് കേവ്   തെക്കൻ ഡെക്കോട്ട43°34′N 103°29′W / 43.57°N 103.48°W / 43.57; -103.48 (Wind Cave) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ജനുവരി 9, 1903' is an invalid date 33,970.84 ഏക്കർ (137.5 കി.m2) 617,377 ബോക്സ് വർക്ക് എന്നറിയപ്പെടുന്ന കാൽസൈറ്റ് രൂപീകരണങ്ങൾക്ക് പ്രശസ്തമാണ് വിൻഡ് ഗുഹകൾ, ഗുഹക്കുള്ളിൽ സൂചിപോലെ രൂപം കൊള്ളുന്ന ഫ്രോസ്റ്റ് വർക്കുകളും ഇവിടെ കാണപ്പെടുന്നു. ലോകത്തിലെതന്നെ ഏറ്റവും നീളം കൂടിയതും, സങ്കീർണവുമായ ഗുഹകളാണ് ഈ ദേശീയോദ്യാനത്തിലുള്ളത്. കൂടാതെ പ്രയറി പുൽമേടുകളും ഉദ്യാനത്തിന്റെ ഭാഗമാണ്.[95] [96]
റാങ്കൽ-സെൻറ് ഏലിയാസ്   അലാസ്ക61°00′N 142°00′W / 61.00°N 142.00°W / 61.00; -142.00 (Wrangell – St. Elias) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഡിസംബർ 2, 1980' is an invalid date 8,323,146.48 ഏക്കർ (33,682.6 കി.m2) 79,047 An over 8 million ഏക്കർ (32,375 കി.m2) plot of mountainous country—the largest National Park in the system—protects the convergence of the Alaska, Chugach, and Wrangell-Saint Elias Ranges, which include many of the continent's tallest mountains and volcanoes, including the 18,008-foot Mount Saint Elias. More than a quarter of the park is covered with glaciers, including the tidewater Hubbard Glacier, piedmont Malaspina Glacier, and valley Nabesna Glacier.[97] (WHS)[44]
യെല്ലൊസ്റ്റോൺ   വയോമിങ്ങ്, മൊണ്ടാന, ഇഡാഹോ

44°36′N 110°30′W / 44.60°N 110.50°W / 44.60; -110.50 (Yellowstone)

Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'മാർച്ച് 1, 1872' is an invalid date 2,219,790.71 ഏക്കർ (8,983.2 കി.m2) 4,257,177 Situated on the Yellowstone Caldera, the park has an expansive network of geothermal areas including boiling mud pots, vividly colored hot springs such as Grand Prismatic Spring, and regularly erupting geysers, the best-known being Old Faithful. The yellow-hued Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone River contains several high waterfalls, while four mountain ranges traverse the park. More than 60 mammal species including gray wolves, grizzly bears, black bears, lynxes, bison, and elk, make this park one of the best wildlife viewing spots in the country.[98] (WHS)[99] (BR)[100]
യോസ്സെമിറ്റി   കാലിഫോർണിയ37°50′N 119°30′W / 37.83°N 119.50°W / 37.83; -119.50 (Yosemite) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'ഒക്ടോബർ 1, 1890' is an invalid date 761,747.50 ഏക്കർ (3,082.7 കി.m2) 5,028,868 Yosemite features sheer granite cliffs, exceptionally tall waterfalls, and old-growth forests at a unique intersection of geology and hydrology. Half Dome and El Capitan rise from the park's centerpiece, the glacier-carved Yosemite Valley, and from its vertical walls drop Yosemite Falls, one of North America's tallest waterfalls at 2,425 അടി (739 മീ) high. Three giant sequoia groves, along with a pristine wilderness in the heart of the Sierra Nevada, are home to a wide variety of rare plant and animal species.[101] (WHS)[102]
സയൺ   യൂറ്റാ37°18′N 113°03′W / 37.30°N 113.05°W / 37.30; -113.05 (Zion) Error in Template:Date table sorting: 'നവംബർ 19, 1919' is an invalid date 147,237.02 ഏക്കർ (595.8 കി.m2) 4,295,127 Located at the junction of the Colorado Plateau, Great Basin, and Mojave Desert, this park contains sandstone features such as mesas, rock towers, and canyons, including the Virgin River Narrows. The various sandstone formations and the forks of the Virgin River create a wilderness divided into four ecosystems: desert, riparian, woodland, and coniferous forest.[103]

അവലംബം

തിരുത്തുക
  1. ↑ "NPS Organic Act Overview". nature.nps.gov. National Park Service. 17 January 2007. Archived from the original on 6 February 2017. Retrieved 26 February 2017.
  2. ↑ The National Parks: Index 2009–2011 (PDF). Washington, D.C.: National Park Service. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  3. ↑ "National Park System Areas Listed in Chronological Order of Date Authorized under DOI" (PDF). National Park Service. 27 June 2005. Archived from the original on March 11, 2012. Retrieved 18 January 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  4. ↑ "National Reports". National Park Service. Retrieved 5 May 2017. Click on Park Acreage Reports (1997 – Last Calendar/Fiscal Year), then select By Park, Calendar Year, <choose year>, and then click the View PDF Report button - the areas used here are the Gross Area Acres which are in the final column of the report
  5. ↑ "Annual Park Ranking Report for Recreation Visitors in: 2016". irma.nps.gov. National Park Service. Retrieved 10 February 2017.
  6. ↑ "Acadia National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  7. ↑ "Acadia National Park Places To Go". National Park Service. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  8. ↑ "National Park of American Samoa". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  9. ↑ "Arches National Park - Arches Rock Stars". National Park Service. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
  10. ↑ "Arches National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  11. ↑ "Badlands National Park - Fossils". National Park Service. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
  12. ↑ "Badlands National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  13. ↑ "Big Bend National Park". National Park Service. December 8, 2009.
  14. ↑ "Big Bend Biosphere Reserve and National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  15. ↑ "Biscayne National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  16. ↑ "Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  17. ↑ "Bryce Canyon National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  18. ↑ "Canyonlands National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  19. ↑ "Capitol Reef National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  20. ↑ "Carlsbad Caverns National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  21. ↑ "World Heritage List - Carlsbad Caverns National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  22. ↑ "Channel Islands National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  23. ↑ "Channel Islands Biosphere Reserve". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  24. ↑ "Congaree National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  25. ↑ "South Atlantic Coastal Plain Biosphere Reserve". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  26. ↑ "Crater Lake National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  27. ↑ "Cuyahoga Valley National Park FACT SHEET" (PDF). NPS. 23 July 2013. Retrieved 26 August 2016.
  28. ↑ "Cuyahoga Valley National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  29. ↑ "Cuyahoga Valley National Park Scenic Railroad". National Park Service. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
  30. ↑ "Death Valley National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 "Mojave and Colorado Deserts Biosphere Reserve". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  32. ↑ "Denali National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  33. ↑ "Denali Biosphere Reserve and National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  34. ↑ "Dry Tortugas National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 "Everglades & Dry Tortugas Biosphere Reserve". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  36. ↑ "Everglades National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  37. ↑ "World Heritage List - Everglades National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  38. ↑ "Gates of the Arctic National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  39. ↑ "Glacier National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  40. ↑ "Glacier National Park - Fossils". National Park Service. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
  41. ↑ "World Heritage List - Waterton Glacier International Peace Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  42. ↑ "Glacier Biosphere Reserve and National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  43. ↑ "Glacier Bay National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 "World Heritage List - Kluane / Wrangell-St. Elias / Glacier Bay / Tatshenshini-Alsek". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  45. ↑ "Glacier Bay and Admiralty Island Biosphere Reserve". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  46. ↑ "Grand Canyon National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  47. ↑ "World Heritage List - Grand Canyon National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  48. ↑ "Grand Teton National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  49. ↑ "Great Basin National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  50. ↑ "Great Sand Dunes National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  51. ↑ "Great Smoky Mountains National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  52. ↑ "World Heritage List - Great Smoky Mountains National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  53. ↑ "Southern Appalachian Biosphere Reserve". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  54. ↑ "Guadalupe Mountains National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  55. ↑ "Haleakala National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 "Hawaiian Islands Biosphere Reserve". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  57. ↑ "Hawaii Volcanoes National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  58. ↑ "World Heritage List - Hawaii Volcanoes National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  59. ↑ "Hot Springs National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  60. ↑ "Isle Royale National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  61. ↑ "Isle Royale Biosphere Reserve and National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  62. ↑ "Joshua Tree National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  63. ↑ "Katmai National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  64. ↑ "Kenai Fjords National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  65. ↑ "Kings Canyon National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  66. ↑ 66.0 66.1 "Sequoia and Kings Canyon Biosphere Reserve and National Parks". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  67. ↑ "Kobuk Valley National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  68. ↑ "Lake Clark National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  69. ↑ "Lassen Volcanic National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  70. ↑ "Mammoth Cave National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  71. ↑ "World Heritage List - Mammoth Cave National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  72. ↑ "Biosphere Reserve and National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  73. ↑ "Mesa Verde National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  74. ↑ "World Heritage List - Mesa Verde National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  75. ↑ "Mount Rainier National Park-Frequently Asked Questions". National Park Service. Retrieved 28 February 2017.
  76. ↑ "Mount Rainier National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  77. ↑ "North Cascades National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  78. ↑ "Olympic National Park-Weather and Climate" (PDF). National Park Service. Retrieved 28 February 2017.
  79. ↑ "Olympic National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  80. ↑ "World Heritage List - Olympic National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  81. ↑ "Olympic Biosphere Reserve and National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  82. ↑ "Petrified Forest National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  83. ↑ "Pinnacles National Monument". National Park Service. January 9, 2009. Retrieved 2009-01-24.
  84. ↑ "Redwood National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  85. ↑ "World Heritage List - Redwood National and State Parks". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  86. ↑ "Rocky Mountain National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  87. ↑ "Rocky Mountain Biosphere Reserve and National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  88. ↑ "Saguaro National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  89. ↑ "Sequoia National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  90. ↑ "Shenandoah National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  91. ↑ "Theodore Roosevelt National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  92. ↑ "Virgin Islands National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  93. ↑ "Virgin Islands Biosphere Reserve and National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  94. ↑ "Voyageurs National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  95. ↑ "Wind Cave National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  96. ↑ "Wind Cave's Early Days". National Park Service. Retrieved 28 February 2017.
  97. ↑ "Wrangell – St. Elias National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  98. ↑ "Yellowstone National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  99. ↑ "World Heritage List - Yellowstone National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  100. ↑ "Biosphere Reserve and National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  101. ↑ "Yosemite National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  102. ↑ "World Heritage List - Yosemite National Park". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  103. ↑ "Zion National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
"https://ml.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=അമേരിക്കൻ_ഐക്യനാടുകളിലെ_ദേശീയോദ്യാനങ്ങൾ&oldid=3968507" എന്ന താളിൽനിന്ന് ശേഖരിച്ചത്