ദിവ്യദേശങ്ങൾ

ഇന്ത്യയൊട്ടാകെ മഹാവിഷ്ണു പ്രതിഷ്ഠയായുള്ള 108 ക്ഷേത്രങ്ങളാണ്‌ ദിവ്യദേശങ്ങൾ എന്നറിയപ്പെടുന്നത്. ആൾവാർമാരുടെ സംഭാവനയാണ്‌‍ പ്രസ്തുത ക്ഷേത്രങ്ങളെന്നു കരുതപ്പെടുന്നു. മഹാസമുദ്രങ്ങളാലും, പുഴകളാലും തടകങ്ങളാലും ചുറ്റപ്പെട്ട ഭാരത ഭൂമി മാനവ സംസ്കാരത്തിൻറെ ഈറ്റില്ലം കൂടിയാണ്. നമ്മുടെ സംസ്കാരത്തിൻറെ ഉറവിടം ശ്രദ്ധേയമായ ഭൂതകാലത്തിൽ നിന്നു ഉദ്ഭവിച്ചതാണ്. അതിൽ ഏറ്റവും വലുതാണ് ഭാരതീയൻറെ ആരാധനാ മനോഭാവം. നമ്മുടെ മഹത്തായ ദർശനങ്ങളെ കണ്ടെത്തുന്നതിലും പരിപാലിയ്ക്കുന്നതിലും ഭാരതത്തിലെ ഋഷിവര്യന്മാർ വളരെയധികം ശ്രദ്ധ പതിപ്പിച്ചിട്ടുണ്ട്. അതിലോരു പ്രത്യേക സ്ഥാനം തന്നെ ആൾവാർമാർക്കുണ്ട്. ഭക്തിയുടെ അങ്ങേക്കര കണ്ടറിഞ്ഞ മഹാ ത്യാഗികളാണവർ. അവരുടെ സംഭവനയാണ് ഭാരത്തിലോട്ടാകെ ഇന്നുനാം കാണുന്ന 108 വിഷ്ണു സ്ഥാനങ്ങളായ, ദിവ്യദേശങ്ങൾ. ഇത് ഭാരതത്തിലങ്ങോളമിങ്ങോളം വിതറി കിടക്കുന്നു. എല്ലാ ഹൃദയങ്ങളിലും മനസ്സുകളിലും നിറഞ്ഞു നിൽക്കുന്ന പരമാത്മാവായ ഭഗവാൻ സാക്ഷാൽ ആദിനാരായണൻ തെക്ക് കന്യാകുമാരി മുതൽ വടക്ക് ഹിമാലയസാനുക്കൾ വരെ വ്യത്യസ്തങ്ങളായ സ്ഥലങ്ങളിൽ വിവിധങ്ങളായ തിരുരൂപങ്ങളിൽ കാണപ്പെടുന്നു.

ഈ സ്ഥലങ്ങളിൽ ഭഗവാൻ നാരായണന്റെ ഹംസങ്ങളായ ആൾവാർമാർ മംഗളശാസനം പാടി ഭഗവാനെ സ്തുതിച്ച 108 ദിവ്യധാമങ്ങളാണുള്ളത്. ഈ 108 വിഷ്ണുധാമങ്ങളാണ് ദിവ്യദേശങ്ങളെന്ന പേരിൽ അറിയപ്പെടുന്നത്. പ്രസ്തുത സ്ഥലങ്ങളിലെല്ലാം ഭഗവാൻ ഓരോ തിരുരൂപങ്ങളിലാണ് അവതരിച്ചിരിയ്ക്കുന്നത്. അവ ഇപ്രകാരമാണ്:

ഈ 108 ദിവ്യദേശങ്ങളെ പലരീതിയിൽ തരം തിരിച്ചിട്ടുണ്ട്.

പ്രദേശങ്ങൾ

വിവിധ സ്ഥലങ്ങളിലുള്ള ക്ഷേത്രങ്ങളെ ഏഴായി തിരിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു. അവ ഇപ്രകാരമാണ്.

പ്രതിഷ്ഠാരീതി

ക്ഷേത്രങ്ങളിലെ വിഷ്ണുപ്രതിഷ്ഠ കന്യാകുമാരി മുതൽ ഹിമാലയം വരെ വ്യത്യസ്തങ്ങളായ സ്ഥലങ്ങളിൽ വിവിധങ്ങളായ രൂപങ്ങളിലാണു കാണപ്പെടുന്നത്. അവ മൂന്നു രീതിയിലായി കണക്കാക്കുമ്പോൾ ഇപ്രകാരമാണ്‌

കിടക്കുന്ന രുപത്തിൽ -- 27 ദിവ്യദേശങ്ങളിൽ
ഇരിയ്ക്കുന്ന രൂപത്തിൽ -- 21 ദിവ്യദേശങ്ങളിൽ
നിൽക്കുന്ന രുപത്തിൽ -- 60 ദിവ്യദേശങ്ങളിൽ.

ദർശനദിശ

ദർശനദിശയുടെ അടിസ്ഥനത്തിൽ 108 തിരുപ്പതികളെ തരംതിരിക്കുമ്പോൾ അവ ഇപ്രകാരമാണ്.

കിഴക്ക് ദിശയിലേയ്ക്ക് -- 79 ദിവ്യദേശങ്ങളിൽ
പടിഞ്ഞാറ് ദിശയിലേയ്ക്ക് -- 19 ദിവ്യദേശങ്ങളിൽ
വടക്ക് ദിശയിലേയ്ക്ക് -- 3 ദിവ്യദേശങ്ങളിൽ
തെക്ക് ദിശയിലേയ്ക്ക് -- 5 ദിവ്യദേശങ്ങളിൽ

ദിവ്യദേശങ്ങളുടെ പട്ടികയും, പ്രതിഷ്ഠയും

108 ദിവ്യദേശങ്ങളിൽ സിംഹഭാഗവും തമിഴ്നാട്ടിലാണ്. 86 എണ്ണമാണ് തമിഴ്നാട്ടിലുള്ളത്. ബാക്കിയുള്ളവ 22 എണ്ണത്തിൽ ഇരുപതെണ്ണം കേരളം, ആന്ധ്രാപ്രദേശ്, ഗുജറാത്ത്, ഉത്തർപ്രദേശ്, ഉത്തരാഖണ്ഡ് എന്നീ സംസ്ഥാനങ്ങളിലായും നേപ്പാളിലായും ചിതറിക്കിടക്കുന്നു. കേരളത്തിൽ 11 ദിവ്യദേശങ്ങളുണ്ട് (മലനാട്ട് തിരുപ്പതികൾ വാസ്തവത്തിൽ 13 ആണെങ്കിലും കന്യാകുമാരി ജില്ലയുടെ ഭാഗങ്ങളായ തിരുപ്പതിസാരവും, തിരുവട്ടാറും ഇപ്പോൾ തമിഴ്നാട്ടിലാണ്). ആന്ധ്രാപ്രദേശിൽ രണ്ടും, ഗുജറാത്തിൽ ഒന്നും, ഉത്തർപ്രദേശിൽ നാലും, ഉത്തരാഖണ്ഡിൽ മൂന്നും ദിവ്യദേശങ്ങളുണ്ട്. ഒരു ക്ഷേത്രം നേപ്പാളിലാണ്. ബാക്കിയുള്ളവ ഭഗവാന്റെ വാസസ്ഥാനങ്ങളായി അറിയപ്പെടുന്ന പാൽക്കടലും, വൈകുണ്ഠവുമാണ്.

എടുത്തുപറയേണ്ട ഒരു വസ്തുതയെന്തെന്നാൽ, ഇന്ന് രാജ്യത്ത് അറിയപ്പെടുന്ന ഒരുപാട് പ്രസിദ്ധ വൈഷ്ണവക്ഷേത്രങ്ങൾ (ഉദാ: ഗുരുവായൂർ, ഉഡുപ്പി, പുരി, പണ്ഡർപൂർ) ഈ പട്ടികയിലില്ല എന്നതാണ്. ഈ ക്ഷേത്രങ്ങൾ ആഴ്വാർമാരുടെ കാലത്ത് നിലവിലുണ്ടായിരുന്നിരിയ്ക്കാനോ, നിലനിന്നിരുന്നെങ്കിൽ തന്നെയും പ്രസിദ്ധമാകാനോ സാദ്ധ്യതയില്ല എന്നതാണ് കാരണം. ഈയൊരർത്ഥത്തിൽ, ദിവ്യദേശങ്ങൾ അക്കാലത്ത് പുരാണങ്ങൾ വഴിയും മറ്റും അറിയപ്പെട്ടിരുന്ന ക്ഷേത്രങ്ങളാകാനാണ് സാദ്ധ്യത. ദിവ്യദേശങ്ങളിൽ പെടാത്ത പ്രസിദ്ധ വൈഷ്ണവക്ഷേത്രങ്ങൾ 'അഭിമാനസ്ഥലങ്ങൾ' എന്നറിയപ്പെടുന്നു.

S.No.	Name of the temple	Location	Photo	Presiding deity	Notes/Beliefs	Azhwars
1	ശ്രീരംഗം രംഗനാഥസ്വാമിക്ഷേത്രം	ശ്രീരംഗം, Trichy district Tamil Nadu 10°51′45″N 78°41′23″E / 10.8625°N 78.689722°E / 10.8625; 78.689722		Ranganayagi Ranganathar	Srirangam temple is often listed as the largest functioning Hindu temple in the world, the still larger Angkor Wat being the largest existing temple. The temple occupies an area of 156 acres (631,000 m²) with a perimeter of 4,116m (10,710 feet) making it the largest temple in India and one of the largest religious complexes in the world.^[1]^[2] The annual 21 day festival conducted during the Tamil month of Margazhi (December–January) attracts 1 million visitors.^[3]	Periyalvar Aandaal Kulasekara Alvar Thirumalisai Alvar Thondaradippodi Alvar Thiruppaan Alvar Thirumangai Alvar Poigai Alvar Bhoothathalvar Peyalvar Nammalvar
2	Sri Azhagiya Manavala Perumal Temple	Uraiyur, Trichy district Tamil Nadu 10°49′N 78°40′E / 10.82°N 78.67°E / 10.82; 78.67		Kamalavalli Vasalakshmi Azhagiya Manavala Perumal	The temple locally called Nachiyar Koil and is one of the few Divyadesams where the goddess has prominence over Vishnu.^[4]^[5]The temple is believed to be the birthplace of Thiruppaan Alvar, one of the twelve Azhwar saints belonging to the 6th-8th centuries. In Srirangam, the yearly birth festival of Tirupannazhwar is celebrated wit Viswaroopa darshan of Ranganatha at the sanctum on the occasion of his birthday. The festive idol of Tiupannazhwar is taken from the temple to Srirangam.^[6]	Kulasekara Alvar - 11 Thirumangai Alvar - 13
3	Uthamar Kovil	Bhikshandar Kovil, Trichy district Tamil Nadu 10°29′N 78°49′E / 10.49°N 78.81°E / 10.49; 78.81		Poornaavalli Purushothama Perumal	The temple is only a few of the temples that are dedicated to the Hindu god Trimurti (trinity) namely Vishnu, Shiva and Brahma. As per Hindu legend, the temple is believed to have been constructed by Janakar, the king of Janakapuri and the father of Sita from the epic Ramayana. Thirumangai Azhwar is believed to have resided in the temple to build the surrounding walls of the Srirangam Ranganathaswamy temple.^[7]	Thirumangai Alvar - 10
4	Pundarikakshan Perumal Temple	Thiruvellarai, Trichy district Tamil Nadu 10°58′N 78°40′E / 10.96°N 78.67°E / 10.96; 78.67		Rakthapankajavalli Pundarikaksha Perumal	Pundarikakshan Perumal temple is believed to have been built by the Pallava king Dantivarman (796–847 AD).^[8]^[9]A swastika-shaped temple tank built during 800 AD is present in the south-western corner of the street around the temple. It has four stepped gateways, each having 51 steps. The tank is believed to have been built by Kamban Araiyan during the reign of Dantivarman. In modern times, it is maintained by the Department of Archaeology of the Government of Tamil Nadu. The temple complex covers an area of 2.62 ഹെ (6.5 ഏക്കർ), while the tank covers an area of 0.1256 ഹെ (0.310 ഏക്കർ).^[10]^[11]The chariot festival is unique in the state as a community feast is offered by several individuals and committees, a custom many centuries old.^[12]^[13]	Thirumangai Alvar - 10 Periazhwar - 10
5	Vadivazhagiya Nambi Perumal Temple	Anbil, Trichy district Tamil Nadu 10°52′04″N 78°52′56″E / 10.867735°N 78.882171°E / 10.867735; 78.882171		Soundaryavalli Sundaramoorthaye Poornaya Perumal	King Sundara Chola who ruled the area was a devotee of the temple and during each of his innumerable victories in wars, he showered a lot of wealth on this temple. His prime minister Anirudha Brahmarayar is believed to be from Anbil, the village where the temple is located. The copper plates having the records from the Chola period from Anbil indicate generous contribution from the Medieval Cholas indicate various gifts to the temple.^[14]^[15]	Thirumazhisai Azhwar - 2
6	Appakkudathaan Perumal Temple	Koviladi, Trichy district Tamil Nadu 10°50′22″N 78°53′21″E / 10.839307°N 78.889073°E / 10.839307; 78.889073		Indravalli Appala Ranganatha Perumal	The temple has inscriptions from the 18th year of the reign of Aditya Chola.^[16] The recorded inscriptions in this temple are numbered 283, 300, 301 and 303 of 1901.^[17] The temple is one of the five Pancharanga Kshetrams (also called Pancharangams, meaning the five Rangams or Ranganathas), a group of five Hindu temples on the banks of the Kaveri River dedicated to Ranganatha, a form of Vishnu.^[18]^[19]	Periyalvar- 33 Thirumangai Azhwar Thirumalisai Alvar Nammazhwar
7	Hara Saabha Vimocchana Perumal Temple	Kandiyur, Thanjavur district Tamil Nadu 10°51′37″N 79°06′32″E / 10.860255°N 79.108891°E / 10.860255; 79.108891	പ്രമാണം:Tirukandiyur.jpg	Indravalli Appala Ranganatha Perumal	Since Vishnu relieved (vimochana) the sin (saabha) of Shiva (also called Hara), the temple is called Hara Saabha Vimochana Temple.^[20]
8	Thirukoodalur	Aduthurai , Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu 10°55′31″N 79°12′13″E / 10.925152°N 79.203532°E / 10.925152; 79.203532		Padmasani Jagathrakshaga Perumal
9	Thirukavithalam	Kapisthalam , Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu 10°56′49″N 79°15′23″E / 10.946890°N 79.256512°E / 10.946890; 79.256512		Ramamanivalli Gajendravaradha Perumal
10	Thiruppullamboothangudi	Pullabhoothangudi , Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu 10°58′18″N 79°18′12″E / 10.971596°N 79.303415°E / 10.971596; 79.303415		Hemabja Thrudathanvee Ramabadhra Perumal
11	Thiruaadhanur	Adanur, Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu 10°58′35″N 79°18′48″E / 10.976470°N 79.313454°E / 10.976470; 79.313454		Ranganayagi Varshakalathinayaka Perumal
12	Thirukudanthai	Kumbakonam, Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu 10°57′35″N 79°22′30″E / 10.959649°N 79.374999°E / 10.959649; 79.374999		Komalavalli Aparyapthamrutha Perumal
13	Thiruvinnagar	Tirunageswaram, Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu 10°57′42″N 79°25′55″E / 10.961570°N 79.432080°E / 10.961570; 79.432080		Boodevi Lavanavarjitha Srinivasa Perumal
14	Thirunaraiyur	Nachiyar Kovil, Thiruvarur district, Tamil Nadu 10°54′57″N 79°26′44″E / 10.915844°N 79.445554°E / 10.915844; 79.445554		Vanjulavalli Srinivasa Perumal
15	Thirucherai	Tirucherai, Thiruvarur district, Tamil Nadu 10°52′45″N 79°27′16″E / 10.879135°N 79.454402°E / 10.879135; 79.454402		Saranayagi Saranatha Perumal
16	Thirunandhipura Vinnagaram	Nathan Kovil, Thiruvarur district, Tamil Nadu 10°55′19″N 79°22′20″E / 10.922075°N 79.372192°E / 10.922075; 79.372192		Shenbagavalli Jagannatha Perumal
17	Thiruvelliyangudi	Thiruvelliyangudi, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 11°03′24″N 79°26′35″E / 11.056687°N 79.443095°E / 11.056687; 79.443095		Maragadhavalli Srungarasundara Danushbani Ramaya Perumal
18	Thirukannamangai	Thirukannamangai, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 10°47′58″N 79°35′12″E / 10.799552°N 79.586645°E / 10.799552; 79.586645		Abishegavalli Bhaktavatsala Perumal
19	Thirukannapuram	Tirukannapuram, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 10°52′07″N 79°42′15″E / 10.868499°N 79.704266°E / 10.868499; 79.704266		Kannapura Sowriraja Perumal
20	Thirukannangudi	Tirukannankudi, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 10°45′26″N 79°45′48″E / 10.757222°N 79.763290°E / 10.757222; 79.763290		Loganayagi Lokanatha Perumal
21	Thirunagai	Nagapattinam, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 10°45′35″N 79°50′37″E / 10.759830°N 79.843706°E / 10.759830; 79.843706		Soundaryavalli Soundararaja Perumal
22	Thiruthanjai Mamanikoil	Thanjavur, Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu 10°48′56″N 79°08′19″E / 10.815669°N 79.138677°E / 10.815669; 79.138677		Rakthapankajavalli Neelamega Perumal
	Manikundram	Thanjavur, Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu 10°49′01″N 79°08′14″E / 10.816923°N 79.137229°E / 10.816923; 79.137229		Ambujavalli Maniparvatha Perumal
	Thanjaiyali Nagar	Thanjavur, Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu 10°48′58″N 79°08′21″E / 10.816022°N 79.139155°E / 10.816022; 79.139155		Thanjanayagi Narasimha Perumal
23	Thiruvazhundur	Theranzhdur, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 11°02′48″N 79°34′46″E / 11.046532°N 79.579468°E / 11.046532; 79.579468		Rakthapankajavalli Devadhiraja Perumal
24	Thiruchirupuliyur	Thirusirupuliyur, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 10°59′28″N 79°40′10″E / 10.991202°N 79.669440°E / 10.991202; 79.669440		Dhayanayagi Krupasamudra Perumal
25	Thiruthalaichanga Nanmadiyam	Thalachangadu, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 11°07′47″N 79°47′07″E / 11.129789°N 79.785252°E / 11.129789; 79.785252		Siras sanga Chandrasabahara Perumal
26	Thiruindalur	Indalur, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 11°04′29″N 79°43′54″E / 11.07479°N 79.73170°E / 11.07479; 79.73170		Pundareegavalli Parimalaranganatha Perumal
27	Thirukazhicheerama Vinnagaram	Sirkazhi, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 11°04′29″N 79°43′54″E / 11.07479°N 79.731704°E / 11.07479; 79.731704		Loganayagi Lokanatha Thrivikrama Perumal
28	Thirukkavalambadi	Thirunangur, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 11°10′37″N 79°46′57″E / 11.1769°N 79.7824°E / 11.1769; 79.7824		Pankajavalli Gopala Krishna Perumal
29	Thiruarimeya Vinnagaram	Thirunangur, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 11°10′40″N 79°46′53″E / 11.17768°N 79.78152°E / 11.17768; 79.78152		Amrudhagadavalli Gadakeli Narthanaya Perumal
30	Thiruvanpurushothamam	Thirunangur, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 11°10′44″N 79°46′36″E / 11.178783°N 79.776690°E / 11.178783; 79.776690		Purushothama Purushothama Perumal
31	Thirusemponsaikoil	Thirunangur, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 11°10′42″N 79°46′47″E / 11.178446°N 79.779651°E / 11.178446; 79.779651		Sweda Pushpavalli Hemaranganatha Perumal
32	Thirumanimadakoil	Thirunangur, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 11°10′26″N 79°46′37″E / 11.173971°N 79.776872°E / 11.173971; 79.776872		Pundareegavalli Sashvatha Deepaya Narayana Perumal
33	Thiruvaigunda Vinnagaram	Thirunangur, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 11°10′47″N 79°46′42″E / 11.179804°N 79.778267°E / 11.179804; 79.778267		Vaigundavalli Vaikuntanatha Perumal
34	Thiruthetriambalam	Thirunangur, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 11°10′23″N 79°47′42″E / 11.17302°N 79.7951°E / 11.17302; 79.7951		Rakthapankajavalli Lakshmiranga Perumal
35	Thirumanikoodam	Thirunangur, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 11°10′39″N 79°46′40″E / 11.177415°N 79.777838°E / 11.177415; 79.777838		Boonayagi Varadharaja Perumal
36	Thiruparthanpalli	Parthanpalli, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 11°10′12″N 79°47′51″E / 11.169952°N 79.797515°E / 11.169952; 79.797515		Kamala Parthasarathy roopa, Kamalapathaye Perumal
37	Thiruvali	Thiruvali, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 11°12′11″N 79°46′28″E / 11.202979°N 79.774538°E / 11.202979; 79.774538		Amrudhagadavalli Kedarapathivaraya Perumal
	Thirunagari	Thirunagari, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 11°13′35″N 79°48′01″E / 11.226354°N 79.800335°E / 11.226354; 79.800335
38	Thiruthevanarthogai	Thirunangur, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 11°11′49″N 79°46′32″E / 11.196842°N 79.775504°E / 11.196842; 79.775504		Samudradanaya Devanayaka Perumal
39	Thiruvellakulam	Thirunangur, Nagapattinam district, Tamil Nadu 11°11′24″N 79°45′54″E / 11.190106°N 79.764929°E / 11.190106; 79.764929		Padmavathi Srinivasa Perumal
40	Thiruchitrakoodam	Chidambaram, Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu11°23′57″N 79°41′36″E / 11.399207°N 79.693364°E / 11.399207; 79.693364		Pundareegavalli Govindaraja Perumal
41	Thiruvaheendrapuram	Thiruvanthipuram, Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu11°44′42″N 79°42′34″E / 11.745099°N 79.709351°E / 11.745099; 79.709351		Hemabujavalli Devanatha Perumal
42	Thirukkovalur	Thirukoyilur, Tiruvannamalai district, Tamil Nadu11°58′01″N 79°12′09″E / 11.967006°N 79.202479°E / 11.967006; 79.202479		Pushpavalli Thrivikrama Perumal
43	Thirukkachi - Atthigiri	Kanchipuram, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu12°49′09″N 79°43′29″E / 12.819137°N 79.724646°E / 12.819137; 79.724646		Perundevi Devathiraja Perumal
44	Ashtabuyagaram	Kanchipuram, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu12°49′22″N 79°42′39″E / 12.822736°N 79.710806°E / 12.822736; 79.710806		Padmasani Gajendravarada Perumal
45	Thiruthanka	Kanchipuram, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu12°49′28″N 79°42′20″E / 12.824382°N 79.705543°E / 12.824382; 79.705543		Maragadhavalli Deepaprakasa Perumal
46	Thiruvelukkai	Kanchipuram, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu12°49′20″N 79°42′23″E / 12.822197°N 79.706450°E / 12.822197; 79.706450		Amruthavalli Sundharayoghanarasimha Perumal
47	Thiruneeragam	Kanchipuram, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu12°50′21″N 79°42′19″E / 12.839122°N 79.705185°E / 12.839122; 79.705185		Boovalli Jagadeeswara Perumal
48	Thiruppadagam	Kanchipuram, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu12°50′34″N 79°41′49″E / 12.842726°N 79.696941°E / 12.842726; 79.696941		Rukmani Sathyabama Pandavadootha Perumal
49	Nilathingal Thundam	Kanchipuram, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu12°50′51″N 79°41′58″E / 12.847463°N 79.699313°E / 12.847463; 79.699313		Chandrasoodavalli Chandrasooda Perumal
50	Thiruooragam	Kanchipuram, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu12°50′21″N 79°42′19″E / 12.839122°N 79.705185°E / 12.839122; 79.705185		Amudavalli Thrivikrama Perumal
51	Thiruvehka	Kanchipuram, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu12°49′27″N 79°42′45″E / 12.824070°N 79.712462°E / 12.824070; 79.712462		Komalavalli Yathokthakari Perumal
52	Thirukkaragam	Kanchipuram, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu12°50′21″N 79°42′19″E / 12.839122°N 79.705185°E / 12.839122; 79.705185		Padmamani Karunagara Perumal
53	Thirukkarvaanam	Kanchipuram, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu12°50′21″N 79°42′19″E / 12.839122°N 79.705185°E / 12.839122; 79.705185		Kamalavalli Neelamega Perumal
54	Thirukkalvanur	Kanchipuram, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu12°50′26″N 79°42′12″E / 12.840653°N 79.703250°E / 12.840653; 79.703250		Sundarabimbavalli Choranatha Perumal
55	Thiruppavalavannam	Kanchipuram, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu12°50′37″N 79°42′27″E / 12.843658°N 79.707604°E / 12.843658; 79.707604		Pravalavalli Pravalavarna Perumal
56	Thiru Parameswara Vinnagaram	Kanchipuram, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu12°50′14″N 79°42′34″E / 12.837151°N 79.709482°E / 12.837151; 79.709482		Vaigundavalli Vaikundanatha Perumal
57	Vijayaraghava Perumal Temple	Thiruputkuzhi, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu12°52′22″N 79°37′07″E / 12.872642°N 79.618683°E / 12.872642; 79.618683		Maragadavalli Vijayaraghava Perumal
58	Thirunindravur	Thirunindravur, Tiruvallur District, Tamil Nadu13°06′45″N 80°01′34″E / 13.112501°N 80.026096°E / 13.112501; 80.026096		Sudhavalli Bhaktavatsala Perumal
59	Thiruvallur	Thiruvallur, Tiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu13°08′36″N 79°54′27″E / 13.143204°N 79.907439°E / 13.143204; 79.907439		Kanagavalli Vaidhya Veeraraghava Perumal
60	Thiruvallikeni	Chennai, Chennai district, Tamil Nadu13°03′14″N 80°16′37″E / 13.053920°N 80.276942°E / 13.053920; 80.276942		Rukmani Venkatakrishna Perumal
61	Thiruneermalai	Kanchipuram, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu12°57′50″N 80°06′54″E / 12.963808°N 80.114953°E / 12.963808; 80.114953		Sundaravalli Jalathivarnaya Perumal
62	Thiruvidanthai	Thiruvidanthai, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu12°45′48″N 80°14′33″E / 12.763217°N 80.242538°E / 12.763217; 80.242538		Komalavalli Lakshmivaraha Perumal
63	Thirukkadalmallai	Mahabalipuram, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu12°37′03″N 80°11′36″E / 12.617464°N 80.193303°E / 12.617464; 80.193303		Boosthalamangadevi Sthalasayana Perumal
64	Thirukkadigai	Sholinghur, Vellore district, Tamil Nadu13°05′37″N 79°25′29″E / 13.093698°N 79.424626°E / 13.093698; 79.424626		Amruthabalavalli Yoganarasimha Perumal
65	Thiruvayothi	Ayodhya, Faizabad district, Uttar Pradesh26°42′53″N 82°49′22″E / 26.71481°N 82.82272°E / 26.71481; 82.82272		Seethadevi Ramachandra Perumal
66	Thirunaimisaranyam	Naimisaranya, Uttar Pradesh27°26′11″N 80°34′14″E / 27.43625°N 80.57052°E / 27.43625; 80.57052		Sriharilakshmi Devaraja Perumal
67	Thirupruthi	Jyothirmath, Chamoli district, Uttarakhand 29°55′47″N 79°25′21″E / 29.92981°N 79.42245°E / 29.92981; 79.42245		Parimalavalli Paramapurushaya Perumal
68	Thirukkandamenum Kadinagar	Devaprayag, Tehri Garhwal district, Uttarakhand 26°57′00″N 80°26′19″E / 26.95009°N 80.43869°E / 26.95009; 80.43869		Pundareegavalli Neelamega Perumal
69	Thiruvadariyachramam	Badrinath, Chamoli district, Uttarakhand 26°57′00″N 80°26′19″E / 26.95009°N 80.43869°E / 26.95009; 80.43869		Aravindavalli Badrinarayana Perumal
70	Thirusalakraamam	Muktinath Valley 28°49′00″N 83°52′17″E / 28.816711°N 83.871280°E / 28.816711; 83.871280		Sridevi Srimoorthi Perumal
71	Thiruvadamadurai	Mathura, Mathura district, Uttar Pradesh 27°30′17″N 77°40′11″E / 27.504756°N 77.669646°E / 27.504756; 77.669646		Sathyabama Govardhanagiridhari Perumal
72	Thiruvaipadi	Gokul, Mathura district, Uttar Pradesh 26°57′00″N 80°26′19″E / 26.95009°N 80.43869°E / 26.95009; 80.43869		Rukmani Sathyabama Navamohanakrishna Perumal
73	Thirudwaragai	Dwarka, Devbhoomi Dwarka district, Gujarat 24°00′36″N 73°19′50″E / 24.00995°N 73.33053°E / 24.00995; 73.33053		Lakshmi Rukmanyadhi Ashtamahishi, Dwarakadeesa Perumal
74	Thirusingavelkundram (Ahobilam)	Ahobilam, Kurnool district, Andhra Pradesh 15°20′28″N 79°09′12″E / 15.34099°N 79.15329°E / 15.34099; 79.15329		Amruthavalli Senchulakshmi Lakshminarasimha Perumal
75	Thiruvengadam(Tirupati)	Tirupati, Chittoor district, Andhra Pradesh 13°50′02″N 79°24′31″E / 13.83393°N 79.40872°E / 13.83393; 79.40872		Padmavathi Srinivasa Perumal
76	Thirunavai	Tirunavaya, Mallapuram district, Kerala 10°21′39″N 76°50′12″E / 10.360704°N 76.83654°E / 10.360704; 76.83654		Vithuvakoduvalli Abhayapradhaya Perumal
77	Thiruvithuvakodu	Thiruvithuvakoodu, Palakkad district, Kerala 10°21′39″N 76°50′12″E / 10.36070°N 76.83654°E / 10.36070; 76.83654		Vathsalyavalli Katkaraswami Perumal
78	Thirukatkarai	Thrikkakara, Ernakulam district, Kerala 10°21′39″N 76°50′12″E / 10.36070°N 76.83654°E / 10.36070; 76.83654		Madhuraveni Sookthinatha Perumal
79	Thirumoozhikkalam	Thirumoozhikulam, Ernakulam district, Kerala 10°21′39″N 76°50′11″E / 10.36070°N 76.8365°E / 10.36070; 76.8365		Vathsalyavalli Sundaraya Perumal
80	Thiruvallavazh	Thiruvalla, Pathanamthitta district, Kerala 9°25′38″N 76°49′02″E / 9.42723°N 76.81732°E / 9.42723; 76.81732		Karpagavalli Amruthanarayana Perumal
81	Thirukkadithanam	Thrikkodithanam, Kottayam District, Kerala 9°25′38″N 76°49′02″E / 9.42723°N 76.81732°E / 9.42723; 76.81732		Rakthapankajavalli Devathideva Perumal
82	Thiruchengundrur	Chengannur, Alappuzha District, Kerala 9°25′38″N 76°49′02″E / 9.42723°N 76.81732°E / 9.42723; 76.81732		Hemalatha Mayashaktiyuthaswamy Perumal
83	Thiruppuliyur	Thripuliyur, Alappuzha District, Kerala 9°25′38″N 76°49′02″E / 9.42723°N 76.81732°E / 9.42723; 76.81732		Padmasani Vamana Perumal
84	Thiruvaranvilai	Aranmula, Pathanamthitta District, Kerala 9°21′20″N 76°45′37″E / 9.35542°N 76.76033°E / 9.35542; 76.76033		Kamalavalli Kamalanatha Perumal
85	Thiruvanvandoor	Thiruvanvandoor, Alappuzha District, Kerala 9°21′20″N 76°45′37″E / 9.35542°N 76.76031°E / 9.35542; 76.76031		Harilakshmi Ananthapadmanabha Perumal
86	Thiruvananthapuram	Thiruvananthapuram, Thiruvananthapuram District, Kerala 8°32′02″N 76°55′40″E / 8.53402°N 76.92787°E / 8.53402; 76.92787		Maragadhavalli Adhikesava Perumal
87	Thiruvattaru	Thiruvattar, Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu 8°22′08″N 77°14′30″E / 8.36897°N 77.241670°E / 8.36897; 77.241670		Kamalavalli Thiruvazhmarbhan Perumal
88	Thiruvanparisaram	Thiruppathisaram, Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu8°15′15″N 77°28′13″E / 8.254153°N 77.47032°E / 8.254153; 77.47032		vamanashetravalli Vamanakshetrapoornaya Perumal
89	Thirukkurungudi	Thirukkurungudi, Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu8°26′13″N 77°31′33″E / 8.436906°N 77.5259°E / 8.436906; 77.5259		Chireevaramangaivalli Thothadhrinatha Perumal
90	Thirucheeravaramangai	Nanguneri, Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu8°26′13″N 77°31′33″E / 8.436905°N 77.5259°E / 8.436905; 77.5259		Boonayagi, Vaigundavalli Vaikuntanatha Perumal
91	Thiruvaigundam	Srivaikuntam, Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu8°36′35″N 77°58′34″E / 8.609726°N 77.9760°E / 8.609726; 77.9760		Varagunavalli Vijayasana Perumal
92	Thiruvaragunamangai	Natham, Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu8°36′35″N 77°58′34″E / 8.60972°N 77.976037°E / 8.60972; 77.976037		Boonayagi Boomipalaya Vairinedharchidha Gopaya Perumal
93	Thiruppuliangudi	Thirupulingudi, Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu8°36′35″N 77°58′34″E / 8.60972°N 77.976037°E / 8.60972; 77.976037		Visalakrishnakshidevi Aravindhalochana Perumal
94	Thirutholaivillimangalam (Navathirupathi)	Tholavillimangalam, Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu8°36′35″N 77°58′34″E / 8.60972°N 77.97603°E / 8.60972; 77.97603		Baligavalli Padmavathi Srinivasa Perumal
95	Thirukkulandai (Navathirupathi)	Perungulam, Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu8°36′25″N 77°57′02″E / 8.606968°N 77.950545°E / 8.606968; 77.950545		Kolurvalli Nikshepavithaya Perumal
96	Thirukkolur (Navathirupathi)	Thirukolur, Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu8°36′23″N 77°58′26″E / 8.6065018°N 77.97389°E / 8.6065018; 77.97389		Kundalakarnadevi Dheerga Magarakundaladharaya Perumal
97	Thirupperai	Thenthiruperai, Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu8°36′23″N 77°58′26″E / 8.60650°N 77.97389°E / 8.60650; 77.97389		Aadhinathavalli Aadhinatha Perumal
98	Thirukkurugur	Alwarthirunagari, Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu8°36′25″N 77°57′02″E / 8.60696°N 77.95054°E / 8.60696; 77.95054		Kodhadevi Vadapathrasayee Perumal
99	Thiruvillipputhur	Srivilliputhur, Virudhunagar district, Tamil Nadu8°36′25″N 77°57′02″E / 8.60696°N 77.95054°E / 8.60696; 77.95054		Rakthapankajavalli Narayana Perumal
100	Thiruthangal	Thiruthankal Virudhunagar district, Tamil Nadu9°00′39″N 77°53′07″E / 9.010702°N 77.8853°E / 9.010702; 77.8853		Madhuravalli Sangamasundharaya Perumal
101	Thirukkoodal	Madurai, Madurai district, Tamil Nadu9°59′19″N 78°15′52″E / 9.98860°N 78.26434°E / 9.98860; 78.26434		Sundaravalli Chorasundara Perumal
102	Thirumaliruncholai	Alagar Koyil, Madurai district, Tamil Nadu9°59′19″N 78°15′52″E / 9.988609°N 78.2643428°E / 9.988609; 78.2643428		Mohavalli Kalamega Perumal
103	Thirumogur	Thirumohur, Madurai district, Tamil Nadu9°59′19″N 78°15′52″E / 9.98860°N 78.26434°E / 9.98860; 78.26434		Mahalakshmi Uraga Mrudusayanaya Perumal
104	Thirukkoshtiyur	Thirukoshtiyur, Sivaganga district, Tamil Nadu9°59′19″N 78°15′51″E / 9.98860°N 78.2643°E / 9.98860; 78.2643		Kalyanavalli, Padmasani Kalyana Jagannatha Perumal
105	Thiruppullani	Thirupullani, Ramanathapuram district, Tamil Nadu9°59′19″N 8°15′52″E / 9.98860°N 8.26434°E / 9.98860; 8.26434		Ujjeevana Sathyagirinatha Perumal
106	Thirumeyyam	Thirumayam, Pudukottai district, Tamil Nadu9°59′19″N 78°15′51″E / 9.98860°N 78.2643°E / 9.98860; 78.2643		Sridevi Venkatesa Perumal
107	Thirupalkadal	Heavenly Vinnulaga Thirupathi		Kadal Magal Sri Devi Thiruppaarkadal Nathan
108	Thirupparamapadham	Heavenly Vinnulaga Thirupathi		Periya Pirattiyaar Paramapadha Nathan

↑ Mittal, Sushil; Thursby, G. R. (2005). The Hindu World. New York: Routelge. p. 456. ISBN 0-203-67414-6.
↑ Vater, Tom (2010). Moon Spotlight Angkor Wat. USA: Perseus Books Group. p. 40. ISBN 9781598805611.
↑ Jones, Victoria (2004). Wonders of the World Dot-to-Dot. New York: Sterling Publishing Co., Inc. p. 4. ISBN 1-4027-1028-3.
↑ S., Prabhu (27 December 2012). "Unique drama unfolds during procession". The Hindu. Retrieved 2013-09-09.
↑ "Unique drama unfolds during procession". The Hindu. 8 April 2005. Archived from the original on 2013-01-25. Retrieved 2013-09-09.
↑ S., Prabhu (6 January 2012). "Ranganatha suffered his pain". The Hindu. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
↑ T.A., Srinivasan (21 March 2003). "Temple for the Great Trinity". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 2003-10-13. Retrieved 2013-09-09.
↑ Daniel, Val (1984). Fluid Signs: Being a Person the Tamil Way. University of California Press. pp. 139–140. ISBN 9780520061675.
↑ Hultzsch, Eugen (1890). South-Indian inscriptions, Volumes 9–10. Superintendent, Gov't press. p. 298.
↑ "Swastik Well, Tiruvellarai". Department of Archaeology, Government of Tamil Nadu. Retrieved 2013-07-07.
↑ M., Balaganessin (2008-05-17). "Pallava-built tank plagued by vandalism at Tiruvellarai". The Hindu. Tiruchi. Archived from the original on 2008-05-20. Retrieved 2013-03-04.
↑ "Hundreds pull temple car". The Hindu. Tiruchi. 2010-04-09. Retrieved 2013-03-04.
↑ "Devotees pull temple car". The Hindu. Tiruchi. 2012-03-19. Retrieved 2013-03-04.
↑ "Sri Sundararaja Perumal temple". Dinamalar. Retrieved 2013-09-09.
↑ Ayyar, P. V. Jagadisa (1982). South Indian Shrines: Illustrated. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. p. 533. ISBN 9788120601512.
↑ Jouveau-Dubreuil, Tony (1994). The Pallavas. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. p. 77. ISBN 81-206-0574-8.
↑ Jouveau-Dubreuil, G. (1994). Pallava Antiquities – 2 Vols. Asian Educational Services. p. 13. ISBN 978-81-206-0571-8.
↑ S., Prabhu (16 September 2010). "Restoring the glory of a temple". The Hindu. Retrieved 2013-09-09.
↑ Soundara Rajan, Kodayanallur Vanamamalai (2001). Concise classified dictionary of Hinduism. New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company. p. 65. ISBN 81-7022-857-3. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
↑ "Temple for the Great Trinity". The Hindu. 11 June 2005. Retrieved 21 February 2016.

[1] Mittal, Sushil; Thursby, G. R. (2005). The Hindu World. New York: Routelge. p. 456. ISBN 0-203-67414-6.

[2] Vater, Tom (2010). Moon Spotlight Angkor Wat. USA: Perseus Books Group. p. 40. ISBN 9781598805611.

[3] Jones, Victoria (2004). Wonders of the World Dot-to-Dot. New York: Sterling Publishing Co., Inc. p. 4. ISBN 1-4027-1028-3.

[4] S., Prabhu (27 December 2012). "Unique drama unfolds during procession". The Hindu. Retrieved 2013-09-09.

[5] "Unique drama unfolds during procession". The Hindu. 8 April 2005. Archived from the original on 2013-01-25. Retrieved 2013-09-09.

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