നിക്കൽ, 00NiA pitted and lumpy piece of nickel, with the top surface cut flat |
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Appearance | lustrous, metallic and silvery with a gold tinge |
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| ഫലകം:Infobox element/standard atomic weight format |
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Group | group 10 |
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Period | period 4 |
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Block | d-block |
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Electron configuration | [Ar] 3d8 4s2 or [Ar] 3d9 4s1 |
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Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 16, 2 |
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Phase at STP | ഖരം |
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Melting point | 1728 K (1455 °C, 2651 °F) |
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Boiling point | 3186 K (2913 °C, 5275 °F) |
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Density (near r.t.) | 8.908 g/cm3 |
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when liquid (at m.p.) | 7.81 g/cm3 |
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Heat of fusion | 17.48 kJ/mol |
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Heat of vaporization | 377.5 kJ/mol |
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Molar heat capacity | 26.07 J/(mol·K) |
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Vapor pressure
P (Pa)
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1
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10
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100
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1 k
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10 k
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100 k
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at T (K)
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1783
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1950
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2154
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2410
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2741
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3184
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Oxidation states | −2, −1, +1,[1] +2, +3, +4,[2] (a mildly basic oxide) |
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Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 1.91 |
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Ionization energies | |
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Atomic radius | empirical: 135 pm calculated: 149 pm |
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Covalent radius | 121 pm |
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Van der Waals radius | 163 pm |
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Spectral lines of നിക്കൽ |
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Natural occurrence | primordial |
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Crystal structure | face-centered cubic (fcc) |
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Speed of sound thin rod | 4900 m/s (at r.t.) |
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Thermal expansion | 13.4 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C) |
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Thermal conductivity | 90.9 W/(m⋅K) |
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Electrical resistivity | 69.3 n Ω⋅m (at 20 °C) |
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Magnetic ordering | ferromagnetic |
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Young's modulus | 200 GPa |
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Shear modulus | 76 GPa |
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Bulk modulus | 180 GPa |
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Poisson ratio | 0.31 |
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Mohs hardness | 4.0 |
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Vickers hardness | 638 MPa |
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Brinell hardness | 700 MPa |
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CAS Number | 7440-02-0 |
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Template:infobox നിക്കൽ isotopes does not exist |
വർഗ്ഗം: നിക്കൽ | references |
- ↑ Pfirrmann, Stefan; Limberg, Christian; Herwig, Christian; Stößer, Reinhard; Ziemer, Burkhard (2009). "A Dinuclear Nickel(I) Dinitrogen Complex and its Reduction in Single-Electron Steps". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 48 (18): 3357. doi:10.1002/anie.200805862. PMID 19322853.
- ↑ Carnes, Matthew; Buccella, Daniela; Chen, Judy Y.-C.; Ramirez, Arthur P.; Turro, Nicholas J.; Nuckolls, Colin; Steigerwald, Michael (2009). "A Stable Tetraalkyl Complex of Nickel(IV)". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 48 (2): 3384. doi:10.1002/anie.200804435. PMID 19021174.