This template has been designed for the presentation of information on non-stellar astronomical bodies: planets (including extrasolar planets), dwarf planets, moons and minor planets. Some parameters will not be applicable to individual types; these may be omitted without any problems to the template's function.

Usage notes തിരുത്തുക

  • This template expects that the <references /> tag will be present in articles setting the minorplanet parameter to yes. Pages without a <references /> tag will show Cite error: There are <ref> tags on this page for a group named "note", but the references will not show without a <ref group="note"> tag; see Help:Cite errors. at the bottom of the page.
  • When parameters relating to minor planets are used (e.g. mp_name), several subheadings and wikilinks within the template are made specific to minor planets. For standard formulas for computable values and sources of physical data, see Template talk:Infobox Nonstellar body#Computed values and Standard asteroid physical characteristics.
  • The proper orbital element "Proper orbital period" (in Julian years and days) is calculated within the template from proper mean motion and so does not require a parameter.
  • For bodies orbiting bodies other than the Sun, include the parameter |apsis= (appropriate suffix). This will replace various parameters' default "-helion" suffix to the suffix set by the |apsis= parameter. For example, setting |apsis= astron converts the labels "perihelion", "aphelion" and "Argument of perihelion" into "periastron", "apastron" and "Argument of periastron" respectively.

Recommended parameters തിരുത്തുക

For a list of all parameters, see All parameters below.

Exosolar planets തിരുത്തുക

name
caption
കണ്ടെത്തൽ
കണ്ടെത്തിയത്discoverer
കണ്ടെത്തിയ സ്ഥലംdiscovery_site
കണ്ടെത്തിയ തിയതിdiscovered
discovery_method
വിശേഷണങ്ങൾ
alt_names
ഭ്രമണപഥത്തിന്റെ സവിശേഷതകൾ
semimajor
എക്സൻട്രിസിറ്റിeccentricity
period
avg_speed
ചെരിവ്inclination
angular_dist
long_periastron
time_periastron
Semi-amplitudesemi-amplitude
ഭൗതിക സവിശേഷതകൾ
ശരാശരി ആരം
mean_radius
surface_area
വ്യാപ്തംvolume
പിണ്ഡംmass
ശരാശരി സാന്ദ്രത
density
surface_grav
moment_of_inertia_factor
escape_velocity
അൽബിഡോalbedo
താപനിലsingle_temperature
{{Infobox planet
| name               = <!--(Common/agreed name)-->
| image              = 
| caption            = 
| apsis              = astron
| discovery_ref      = <!--(Any appropriate <ref>(s) to append to the name)-->
| discoverer         = 
| discovery_site     = 
| discovered         = <!--(Date)-->
| discovery_method   = 
| alt_names          = <!--(Any alternative names for the body)-->
| periastron         = 
| apoastron          = 
| semimajor          = 
| avg_speed          = <!--(Average orbital speed)-->
| eccentricity       = 
| period             = <!--(Orbital period)-->
| inclination        = 
| angular_dist       = 
| long_periastron    = <!--(Longitude of periastron)-->
| time_periastron    = <!--(Time of periastron)-->
| semi-amplitude     = 
| mean_radius        = 
| surface_area       = 
| volume             = 
| density            = 
| mass               = 
| surface_grav       = <!--Equatorial surface gravity-->
| moment_of_inertia_factor = 
| escape_velocity    = 
| albedo             = 
| single_temperature = 
}}

Minor planets തിരുത്തുക

name symbol
caption
കണ്ടെത്തൽ[1]
കണ്ടെത്തിയത്discoverer
കണ്ടെത്തിയ സ്ഥലംdiscovery site
കണ്ടെത്തിയ തിയതിdiscovered
വിശേഷണങ്ങൾ
MPC designationmp_name
alt_names
mp_category
ഭ്രമണപഥത്തിന്റെ സവിശേഷതകൾ[2]
ഇപ്പോക്ക് epoch
Uncertainty parameter uncertainty
Observation arcobservation arc length
അപസൗരത്തിലെ ദൂരംaphelion
ഉപസൗരത്തിലെ ദൂരംperihelion
semimajor
എക്സൻട്രിസിറ്റിeccentricity
period
avg_speed
mean_anomaly
ചെരിവ്inclination
asc_node
arg_peri
Known satellitessatellites
Earth MOIDearth moid
Mercury MOID(see All parameters)
ഭ്രമണ സവിശേഷതകൾ[3]
p_semi_major AU
p_eccentricity
p_inclination
360 deg / yr
1 yr
(365.25 d)
Precession of perihelion
perihelion_rate arcsec / yr
Precession of the ascending node
node_rate arcsec / yr
ഭൗതിക സവിശേഷതകൾ
അളവുകൾdimensions
പിണ്ഡംmass
ശരാശരി സാന്ദ്രത
density
surface_grav
moment_of_inertia_factor
escape_velocity
sidereal_day
axial_tilt
pole_ecliptic_lat
pole_ecliptic_lon
അൽബിഡോalbedo
ഉപരിതല താപനില min mean max
Kelvin 150 200
Celsius −73
Spectral type
spectral_type
abs_magnitude
{{Infobox planet
| name               = 
| symbol             = 
| image              = 
| caption            = 
| discovery_ref      = <ref>....</ref>
| discoverer         = 
| discovered         = 
| discovery_site     = ''discovery_site''
| mp_name            = <!--(Minor planet name)-->
| mp_category        = <!--(Minor planet category)-->
| alt_names          = <!--(Alternative names)-->
| orbit_ref          = <ref>Osculating Orbital Elements</ref>
| epoch              = 
| uncertainty        = [[Uncertainty Parameter U]]
| observation_arc    = [[Observation arc]] length
| aphelion           = 
| perihelion         = 
| semimajor          = 
| eccentricity       = 
| period             = 
| avg_speed          = <!--(Average orbital speed)-->
| inclination        = 
| asc_node           = <!--(Longitude of ascending node)-->
| mean_anomaly       = 
| arg_peri           = <!--(Argument of perihelion)-->
| p_orbit_ref        = <ref>Proper orbital elements</ref>
| p_semimajor        = 
| p_eccentricity     = 
| p_inclination      = 
| p_mean_motion      = <!--(Proper orbital mean motion)-->
| perihelion_rate    = <!--(Proper perihelic precession rate)-->
| node_rate          = <!--(Proper nodal precession rate)-->
| satellites         = 
| moid               = <!--(Earth moid only)-->
| mercury_moid       = <!--(see "All parameters" section)-->
| dimensions         = 
| mass               = 
| density            = 
| surface_grav       = <!--(Equatorial surface gravity)-->
| moment_of_inertia_factor = <!--(Moment of inertia factor)-->
| escape_velocity    = 
| sidereal_day       = 
| axial_tilt         = 
| pole_ecliptic_lat  = <!--(Pole ecliptic latitude)-->
| pole_ecliptic_lon  = <!--(Pole ecliptic longitude)-->
| albedo             = 
| temp_name1         = 
| mean_temp_1        = 
| max_temp_1         = 
| temp_name2         = 
| max_temp_2         = 
| spectral_type      = 
| abs_magnitude      = <!--(Absolute magnitude)-->
}}

See here for means of semi-automating this template's transclusion as regards minor planets.

  • For satellites of minor planets, include the parameter |apsis= astron (see above).

Notes on usage തിരുത്തുക

From Wikipedia:WikiProject Astronomical objects/Infoboxes

Most of these entries should be measured in SI units. Some of them, however, should have more "human-accessible" units, in addition to SI units: several such cases are indicated with a second unit name in brackets. In the case of times (orbital periods, rotation), it is best to give all periods in days for comparison purposes, and provide a translation (in parentheses) into years, days, hours, etc.; whatever is most appropriate for the duration being described.

This template is very flexible. Moons with no atmosphere whatsoever could skip the atmospheric composition section entirely, for example (though atmospheric density would still be listed). Moons also wouldn't have their orbital radii listed in AU, since AUs are such large units. For planets, use "perihelion" and "aphelion" instead of "periapsis" and "apoapsis."

In the case of "number of moons" and "is a moon of", only one of these rows will be used by any given object. There aren't any moons with moons (yet), though perhaps "co-orbital with" might be a useful row to add in a few cases.

On orbital characteristics: The orbital circumference should be computed from the semi-major axis using Ramanujan's approximation for ellipses. The ratio of that circumference to the period then gives the average orbital speed. The minimum and maximum speeds follow from Kepler's laws: and . Note that, by convention, all orbital parameters are given in the primocentric reference system (heliocentric for the planets).

On proper orbital elements: The formulae used by the template to convert from proper mean motion to proper orbital motion are:
Oyears = 360 / M   and
Odays = 365.25 x Oyears

On physical characteristics: The surface area and volume of non-spherical objects (e.g. moonlets, asteroids) must use the proper ellipsoid formulae, because even slight departures from sphericity will make a large difference, particularly for the area.

On the subject of obliquity: Obliquity is the angle between the object's axis of rotation and the normal to the plane of its orbit. Do not confuse this with the Tilt listed in the JPL pages, which is a measure of the angle between the local Laplace plane and the primary's equatorial plane. In fact, most inner moons have synchronous rotations, so their obliquities will be, by definition, zero. Outer moons simply have not been seen from close up enough to determine their true obliquities (although Phoebe, recently seen by the Cassini probe, is an exception; see Talk:Phoebe (moon) for the derivation of its obliquity).

All parameters തിരുത്തുക

{{Infobox planet
| name                   = 
| symbol                 = <!--([[File:...]])-->
| background             = 
| image                  = <!--([[File:...]])-->
| caption                = 
| apsis                  = 
| discovery_ref          = <ref>...</ref>
| discoverer             = 
| discovery_site         = 
| discovered             = 
| discovery_method       = 
| mp_name                = 
| pronounced             = {{IPAc-en|<!-- IPA string -->|}}
| named_after            = 
| mp_category            = 
| alt_names              = 
| orbit_ref              = <ref>Osculating Orbital Elements</ref>
| orbit_diagram          = <!-- image link, just like in prose. ex.: [[File:1992 TC orbital diagram.jpg|260px]] -->
| epoch                  = 
| uncertainty            =
| observation_arc        =
| aphelion               = 
| perihelion             = 
| periastron             = 
| apoastron              = 
| periapsis              = 
| apoapsis               = 
| semimajor              = 
| mean_orbit_radius      = 
| eccentricity           = 
| period                 = 
| synodic_period         = 
| avg_speed              = <!--(Average orbital speed)-->
| mean_anomaly           = 
| inclination            = 
| angular_dist           = <!--(Angular distance)-->
| asc_node               = <!--(Longitude of ascending node)-->
| long_periastron        = <!--(Longitude of periastron)-->
| time_periastron        = <!--(Time of periastron)-->
| arg_peri               = <!--(Argument of peri[helion/astron/...])-->
| semi-amplitude         = 
| p_orbit_ref            = <ref>Proper orbital elements</ref>
| p_semimajor            = 
| p_eccentricity         = 
| p_inclination          = 
| p_mean_motion          = <!--(Proper orbital mean motion)-->
| perihelion_rate        = <!--(Proper perihelic precession rate)-->
| node_rate              = <!--(Proper nodal precession rate)-->
| satellite_of           = 
| satellites             = 
| moid                   = <!--(Earth MOID only)-->
| mercury_moid           =
| venus_moid             =
| mars_moid              =
| jupiter_moid           =
| saturn_moid            =
| uranus_moid            =
| neptune_moid           =
| dimensions             = 
| flattening             = 
| equatorial_radius      = 
| polar_radius           = 
| mean_radius            = 
| circumference          = 
| surface_area           = 
| volume                 = 
| mass                   = 
| density                = 
| surface_grav           = <!--(Equatorial surface gravity)-->
| moment_of_inertia_factor = <!--(Moment of inertia factor)-->
| escape_velocity        = 
| sidereal_day           = 
| rot_velocity           = <!--(Rotational velocity)-->
| axial_tilt             = 
| right_asc_north_pole   = <!--(North pole right ascension)-->
| declination            = <!--(North pole declination)-->
| pole_ecliptic_lat      = <!--(Pole ecliptic latitude)-->
| pole_ecliptic_lon      = <!--(Pole ecliptic longitude)-->
| albedo                 = 
| single_temperature     = 
| temp_name1             = 
| min_temp_1             = 
| mean_temp_1            = 
| max_temp_1             = 
| temp_name2             = 
| min_temp_2             = 
| mean_temp_2            = 
| max_temp_2             = 
| spectral_type          = 
| magnitude              = <!--(Apparent magnitude)-->
| abs_magnitude          = <!--(Absolute magnitude)-->
| angular_size           = 
| adjectives             = 
| atmosphere_ref         = <ref>...</ref>
| surface_pressure       = 
| scale_height           = 
| atmosphere_composition = 
}}

Computed values തിരുത്തുക

This section documents how some minor planet parameters may be computed when they're not directly measured. More detail can be found in Standard asteroid physical characteristics.

Average orbital speed തിരുത്തുക

This is very simply the orbital circumference divided by the orbital period.

The exact circumference of an ellipse is , where a is the semi-major axis, e the eccentricity, and the function E is the complete elliptic integral of the second kind. This gives

E is close to when e is small.

An approximation using a taylor series expansion is

AstOrb Browser computes a velocity using Ramanujan's approximation for an ellipse's circumference:

Where b is the orbit's semi-minor axis:

Surface gravity തിരുത്തുക

For a spherical body of mass m, and radius r, the gravitational acceleration at the surface, is given by

Where G = 6.6742×10−11 m3s−2kg−1 is the Gravitational constant, M is the mass of the body, and r its radius. This value is very approximate, as most minor planets are far from spherical.

For irregularly shaped bodies, the surface gravity will differ appreciably with location. However, at the outermost point/s, where the distance to the centre of mass is the greatest, the surface gravity is still given by a simple formula, a slightly modified version of the above that uses the largest radius

because all the body's mass is contained within this radius.

On a rotating body, the apparent weight experienced by an object on the surface is reduced by the centrifugal force, when one is away from the poles. The centrifugal acceleration experienced at the equator is

where T is the rotation period in seconds, and is the equatorial radius (usually also the maximum radius used above). The negative sign indicates that it acts in the opposite direction to the gravitational acceleration g.

The effective surface gravity at the equator is then

Escape velocity തിരുത്തുക

For surface gravity g and radius r, the escape velocity is:

This value is much less sensitive to the factors affecting the surface gravity, mentioned above.

Temperature തിരുത്തുക

For asteroid albedo α, semimajor axis a, solar luminosity , and asteroid infrared emissivity ε (usually taken to be ~0.9), the approximate mean temperature T is given by:

Where σ is Stefan-Boltzmann constant. See also Torrence V. Johnson, Paul R. Weissman, Lucy-Ann A. McFadden (2007). Encyclopedia of the Solar System. Elsevier. p. 294. ISBN 978-0-12-088589-3.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link).

Microformat തിരുത്തുക

ഫലകത്തിനുള്ള ചരങ്ങൾ

ചരംവിവരണംതരംസ്ഥിതി
Name name

name of planet

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Symbol symbol

symbol of planet

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Backgroundbackground

background of planet

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Image image

image of planet

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Caption caption

caption

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Apsisapsis

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Discovery_ref discovery_ref

<ref>...</ref>

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Discovererdiscoverer

discoverer of planet

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Discovery_sitediscovery_site

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Discovered discovered

discovered

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Discovery_method discovery_method

പദംഐച്ഛികം
mp_name mp_name

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Pronouncedpronounced

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Named_afternamed_after

പദംഐച്ഛികം
mp_category mp_category

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Alt_names alt_names

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Orbit_ref orbit_ref

<ref>Osculating Orbital Elements</ref>

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Orbit_diagram orbit_diagram

image link, just like in prose. ex.: [[File:1992 TC orbital diagram.jpg|260px]]

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Epoch epoch

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Uncertainty_parameteruncertainty

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Observation_arcobservation_arc

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Aphelionaphelion

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Perihelion perihelion

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Periastronperiastron

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Apoastronapoastron

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Periapsisperiapsis

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Apoapsis apoapsis

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Semimajor semimajor

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Mean_orbit_radius mean_orbit_radius

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Eccentricity eccentricity

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Periodperiod

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Synodic_periodsynodic_period

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Avg_speed avg_speed

(Average orbital speed)

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Mean_anomalymean_anomaly

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Inclination inclination

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Angular_dist angular_dist

(Angular distance)

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Asc_node asc_node

(Longitude of ascending node)

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Long_periastron long_periastron

(Longitude of periastron)

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Time_periastron time_periastron

(Time of periastron)

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Arg_peri arg_peri

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Semi-amplitude semi-amplitude

പദംഐച്ഛികം
p_orbit_refp_orbit_ref

<ref>Proper orbital elements</ref>

പദംഐച്ഛികം
p_semimajor p_semimajor

പദംഐച്ഛികം
p_eccentricity p_eccentricity

പദംഐച്ഛികം
p_inclination p_inclination

പദംഐച്ഛികം
p_mean_motion p_mean_motion

(Proper orbital mean motion)

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Perihelion_rateperihelion_rate

(Proper perihelic precession rate)

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Node_rate node_rate

(Proper nodal precession rate)

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Satellite_of satellite_of

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Satellites satellites

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Moid moid

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Mercury_moid mercury_moid

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Venus_moid venus_moid

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Mars_moid mars_moid

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Jupiter_moidjupiter_moid

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Saturn_moid saturn_moid

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Uranus_moid uranus_moid

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Neptune_moidneptune_moid

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Dimensionsdimensions

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Flattening flattening

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Equatorial_radiusequatorial_radius

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Polar_radiuspolar_radius

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Mean_radiusmean_radius

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Circumferencecircumference

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Surface_area surface_area

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Volume volume

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Mass mass

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Densitydensity

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Surface_grav surface_grav

(Equatorial surface gravity)

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Moment_of_inertia_factormoment_of_inertia_factor

(Moment of inertia factor)

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Escape_velocityescape_velocity

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Sidereal_day sidereal_day

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Rot_velocityrot_velocity

(Rotational velocity)

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Axial_tilt axial_tilt

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Right_asc_north_poleright_asc_north_pole

(North pole right ascension)

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Declination declination

(North pole declination)

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Pole_ecliptic_lat pole_ecliptic_lat

(Pole ecliptic latitude)

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Pole_ecliptic_lon pole_ecliptic_lon

(Pole ecliptic longitude)

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Albedo albedo

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Single_temperature single_temperature

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Temp_name1temp_name1

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Min_temp_1min_temp_1

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Mean_temp_1 mean_temp_1

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Max_temp_1max_temp_1

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Temp_name2 temp_name2

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Min_temp_2 min_temp_2

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Mean_temp_2 mean_temp_2

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Max_temp_2 max_temp_2

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Spectral_type spectral_type

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Magnitude magnitude

(Apparent magnitude)

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Abs_magnitudeabs_magnitude

(Absolute magnitude)

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Angular_size angular_size

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Pronounced pronounced

{{IPA-en|<!-- IPA string -->|}}

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Adjectives adjectives

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Atmosphere_ref atmosphere_ref

<ref>...</ref>

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Surface_pressure surface_pressure

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Scale_heightscale_height

പദംഐച്ഛികം
Atmosphere_compositionatmosphere_composition

പദംഐച്ഛികം

The HTML mark up produced by this template includes an hCard microformat, which makes the place-name and location parsable by computers, either acting automatically to catalogue article across Wikipedia, or via a browser tool operated by a person, to (for example) add the subject to an address book. For more information about the use of microformats on Wikipedia, please see the microformat project.

If the place or venue has an "established", "founded", "opened" or similar date that is specific to the day, use {{start date}} unless the date is before 1583 CE. If it has a URL, use {{URL}}.

hCard uses HTML classes including:

  • adr
  • category
  • country-name
  • extended-address
  • fn
  • label
  • locality
  • nickname
  • note
  • org
  • street-address
  • url
  • vcard

Please do not rename or remove these classes nor collapse nested elements which use them.

References തിരുത്തുക

  1. discovery_ref
  2. orbit_ref
  3. p_orbit_ref


"https://ml.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ഫലകം:Infobox_planet/doc&oldid=2204925" എന്ന താളിൽനിന്ന് ശേഖരിച്ചത്