കിഷിനൌ
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47°0′N 28°55′E / 47.000°N 28.917°E
Chișinău | |||
|---|---|---|---|
City | |||
 | |||
| |||
  Chișinău Location of Chisinau in Moldova  Chișinău Chișinău (Europe) | |||
| Coordinates: 47°02′00″N 28°51′00″E / 47.03333°N 28.85000°E | |||
| Country |  മൊൾഡോവ | ||
| First written mention | 1436[1] | ||
| • Mayor | Undecided | ||
| • City | 123 ച.കി.മീ.(47 ച മൈ) | ||
| • മെട്രോ | 563.3 ച.കി.മീ.(217.5 ച മൈ) | ||
| ഉയരം | 85 മീ(279 അടി) | ||
(2014 census)[3] | |||
| • City | 532,513 | ||
| • കണക്ക് (2017)[4] | 685,900 | ||
| • ജനസാന്ദ്രത | 4,329/ച.കി.മീ.(11,210/ച മൈ) | ||
| • മെട്രോപ്രദേശം | 662,836a | ||
| സമയമേഖല | UTC+2 (EET) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) | ||
| Postal code | MD-20xx | ||
| ഏരിയ കോഡ് | +373-22 | ||
| ISO കോഡ് | MD-CU | ||
| GDP(nominal)[5] | 2016 | ||
| – Total | $4 billion | ||
| – Per capita | $5,000 | ||
| വെബ്സൈറ്റ് | www.chisinau.md | ||
| a As the population of the Municipality of Chișinău (which comprises the city of Chișinău and 34 other suburban localities)[6] | |||
റിപ്പബ്ലിക് ഓഫ് മൊൾഡോവയുടെ തലസ്ഥാനമാണ് കിഷിനൌ (Chișinău) Romanian: [kiʃiˈnəw] ⓘ (/ˌkɪʃɪˈnaʊ/;). ( Kishinev എന്നും അറിയപ്പെടുന്നു)(Russian: Кишинёв, tr. Kishinyov),
പേരുവന്നവഴിയും പേരുകളും
തിരുത്തുകചരിത്രം
തിരുത്തുക
രണ്ടാം ലോകമഹായുദ്ധം
തിരുത്തുക
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സോവിയറ്റു കാലം
തിരുത്തുക.jpg)
കാലാവസ്ഥ
തിരുത്തുക| Chișinău (1981–2010) പ്രദേശത്തെ കാലാവസ്ഥ | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| മാസം | ജനു | ഫെബ്രു | മാർ | ഏപ്രി | മേയ് | ജൂൺ | ജൂലൈ | ഓഗ | സെപ് | ഒക് | നവം | ഡിസം | വർഷം |
| റെക്കോർഡ് കൂടിയ °C (°F) | 15.5 (59.9) |
20.7 (69.3) |
25.7 (78.3) |
31.6 (88.9) |
35.9 (96.6) |
37.5 (99.5) |
39.4 (102.9) |
39.2 (102.6) |
37.3 (99.1) |
32.6 (90.7) |
23.6 (74.5) |
18.3 (64.9) |
39.4 (102.9) |
| ശരാശരി കൂടിയ °C (°F) | 0.9 (33.6) |
2.6 (36.7) |
8.1 (46.6) |
15.6 (60.1) |
21.9 (71.4) |
25.2 (77.4) |
27.5 (81.5) |
27.2 (81) |
21.5 (70.7) |
15.2 (59.4) |
7.4 (45.3) |
2.2 (36) |
14.6 (58.3) |
| പ്രതിദിന മാധ്യം °C (°F) | −1.9 (28.6) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
3.7 (38.7) |
10.4 (50.7) |
16.5 (61.7) |
19.9 (67.8) |
22.1 (71.8) |
21.7 (71.1) |
16.3 (61.3) |
10.5 (50.9) |
4.1 (39.4) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
10.2 (50.4) |
| ശരാശരി താഴ്ന്ന °C (°F) | −4.3 (24.3) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
0.2 (32.4) |
6.0 (42.8) |
11.6 (52.9) |
15.2 (59.4) |
17.3 (63.1) |
16.9 (62.4) |
12.0 (53.6) |
6.8 (44.2) |
1.5 (34.7) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
6.4 (43.5) |
| താഴ്ന്ന റെക്കോർഡ് °C (°F) | −28.4 (−19.1) |
−28.9 (−20) |
−21.1 (−6) |
−6.6 (20.1) |
−1.1 (30) |
3.6 (38.5) |
7.8 (46) |
5.5 (41.9) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
−10.8 (12.6) |
−21.6 (−6.9) |
−22.4 (−8.3) |
−28.9 (−20) |
| മഴ/മഞ്ഞ് mm (inches) | 36 (1.42) |
31 (1.22) |
34 (1.34) |
40 (1.57) |
48 (1.89) |
66 (2.6) |
64 (2.52) |
56 (2.2) |
51 (2.01) |
37 (1.46) |
38 (1.5) |
41 (1.61) |
542 (21.34) |
| ശരാ. മഴ ദിവസങ്ങൾ | 8 | 7 | 11 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 10 | 132 |
| ശരാ. മഞ്ഞു ദിവസങ്ങൾ | 13 | 13 | 8 | 1 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 | 5 | 11 | 51 |
| % ആർദ്രത | 82 | 78 | 71 | 63 | 60 | 63 | 62 | 60 | 66 | 73 | 81 | 83 | 70 |
| മാസം സൂര്യപ്രകാശം ലഭിക്കുന്ന ശരാശരി മണിക്കൂറുകൾ | 75 | 80 | 125 | 187 | 254 | 283 | 299 | 295 | 226 | 169 | 75 | 58 | 2,126 |
| Source #1: Pogoda.ru.net[7] | |||||||||||||
| ഉറവിടം#2: NOAA (sun, 1961–1990)[8] | |||||||||||||
മുനിസിപ്പാലിറ്റി
തിരുത്തുകനഗരങ്ങൾ/പട്ടണങ്ങൾ
തിരുത്തുക
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Communes
തിരുത്തുക- Băcioi (10,175)
- Brăila
- Frumușica
- Străisteni
- Bubuieci (8,047)
- Bîc
- Humulești
- Budești (4,928)
- Văduleni
- Ciorescu (5,961)
- Făurești
- Goian
- Colonița (3,367)
- Condrița (595)
- Cruzești (1,815)
- Ceroborta
- Ghidighici (5,051)
- Grătiești (6,183)
- Hulboaca
- Stăuceni (8,694)
- Goianul Nou
- Tohatin (2,596)
- Buneți
- Cheltuitori
- Trușeni (10,380)
- Dumbrava
ഭരണം
തിരുത്തുക
പ്രാദേശിക സർക്കാർ
തിരുത്തുകThe municipality in its totality elects a mayor and a local council, which then name five pretors, one for each sector. They deal more locally with administrative matters. Each sector claims a part of the city and several suburbs:[9]
ജനസംഖ്യ
തിരുത്തുക| City of Chișinău | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1812[10] | 7,000 | — |
| 1818[10] | 10,966 | +56.7% |
| 1835[10] | 34,079 | +210.8% |
| 1847[10] | 43,965 | +29.0% |
| 1851 | 58,849 | +33.9% |
| 1865 | 94,047 | +59.8% |
| 1897(c)[11] | 1,08,483 | +15.3% |
| 1912 | 1,21,000 | +11.5% |
| 1930(c)[11] | 1,14,896 | −5.0% |
| 1950 | 1,34,000 | +16.6% |
| 1963 | 2,53,500 | +89.2% |
| 1980 | 5,19,200 | +104.8% |
| 1991 | 6,76,700 | +30.3% |
| 2004(c)[12] | 5,89,446 | −12.9% |
| 2014(c)[3] | 5,32,513 | −9.7% |
| 2017(e)[13] | 6,85,900 | +28.8% |
| c-census; e-estimate | ||
| Municipality of Chișinău | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1959 | 2,58,910 | — |
| 1970 | 4,15,956 | +60.7% |
| 1979 | 5,89,140 | +41.6% |
| 1989 | 7,70,948 | +30.9% |
| 2004 | 7,12,218 | −7.6% |
| 2014 | 6,62,836 | −6.9% |
| Source: Censuses[3] | ||
According to the results of the last Moldovan census, conducted in May 2014, 532,513 inhabitants live within the Chișinău city limits. This represents a 9.7% drop in the number of residents as opposed to the results of the 2004 Census.
Natural statistics (2015):[14]
- Births: 6,845 (9.8 per 1,000)
- Deaths: 6,433 (7.7 per 1,000)
- Net Growth rate: 412 (2.1 per 1,000)
Population by sector:
| Sector | Population (2004 cen.)[14] | Population (2015 est.)[14] |
|---|---|---|
| Botanica | 156,633 | 220,000 |
| Buiucani | 107,744 | 160,100 |
| Centru | 90,494 | 110,300 |
| Ciocana | 101,834 | 152,000 |
| Rîșcani | 132,740 | 162,493 |
വർഗ്ഗപരമായ എണ്ണങ്ങൾ
തിരുത്തുക| Ethnic group1 | Population | % of total* |
|---|---|---|
| Moldovans2 | 304,816 | 67.17% |
| Romanians2 | 65,573 | 14.45% |
| Russians | 42,157 | 9.29% |
| Ukrainians | 26,955 | 5.94% |
| Bulgarians | 4,810 | 1.06% |
| Gagauz | 3,085 | 0.68% |
| Others | 6,398 | 1.41% |
| Footnotes:
1Source: 2014 census results These percentages are for the 469,402 reviewed citizens in the 2014 census
that answered the ethnicity question. | ||
ഭാഷകൾ
തിരുത്തുകThe following table details the population in the Municipality of Chișinău, by native language, as reported in the 2014 Census.
| Maternal language1 | % of total population |
|---|---|
| Romanian2 | 43.4% |
| Moldovan2 | 33.0% |
| Russian | 20.8% |
| Ukrainian | 1.7% |
| Bulgarian | 0.4% |
| Gagauz | 0.3% |
| Others | 0.4% |
| Footnotes:
1Source: 2014 census results | |
മതം
തിരുത്തുകChișinău is the seat of the Moldovan Orthodox Church, as well as of the Metropolis of Bessarabia. The city has multiple churches and synagogues.[15]
- Christians –90.0%
- Orthodox Christians –88.4%
- Protestant –1.2%
- Baptists – 0.6%
- Evangelicals –0.4%
- Pentecostals –0.2%
- Seventh-day Adventists 0.1%
- Roman Catholics –0.4%
- Other – 1.0 %
- No religion –1.4%
- Atheists –1.5%
- Undeclared –6.1%
നഗരക്കാഴ്ച്ച
തിരുത്തുക
കലാവിരുതുകൾ
തിരുത്തുക
Chișinău's growth plan was developed in the 19th century. In 1836 the construction of the Kishinev Cathedral and its belfry was finished. The belfry was demolished in Soviet times and was rebuilt in 1997. Chișinău also displays a tremendous number of orthodox churches and 19th century buildings around the city such as Ciuflea Monastery or the Transfiguration Church. Much of the city is made from limestone dug from Cricova[എന്ന്?], leaving a famous wine cellar there.
Many modern-style buildings have been built in the city since 1991. There are many office and shopping complexes that are modern, renovated or newly built, including Kentford, SkyTower, and Union Fenosa headquarters. However, the old Soviet-style clusters of living blocks are still an extensive feature of the cityscape.
സംസ്കാരവും വിദ്യാഭ്യാസവും
തിരുത്തുകThis section requires expansion. (April 2011) |
Politics
തിരുത്തുക
| Year | AEI | PCRM |
|---|---|---|
| 2010 | 54.22% 234,156 | 40.19% 173,570 |
| July 2009 | 56.20% 215,443 | 41.23% 158,034 |
| April 2009 | 47.99% 176,742 | 42.43% 153,227 |
Electoral and political Chișinău given a higher priority for the center-right parties, in principle AEI. PCRM the main opposition party, has a large percentage in the city, but its support base in the city is dwindling.
Elections
തിരുത്തുക| Parties and coalitions | Votes | % | +/− | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova | 173,570 | 40.19 | −1.04 | |
| Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova | 122,845 | 28.44 | +11.55 | |
| Liberal Party | 69,266 | 16.04 | −7.10 | |
| Democratic Party of Moldova | 35,369 | 8,19 | -2.36 | |
| Party Alliance Our Moldova | 6,676 | 1.15 | −4.47 | |
| Other Party (<1.0%) | 24,259 | 5.59 | +3.02 | |
| Total (turnout 67.59%) | 433,974 | 100.00 |
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ഗതാഗതം
തിരുത്തുകഈ section
ആധികാരികത പരിശോധിക്കുന്നതിന് കൂടുതൽ സ്രോതസ്സുകളിൽ നിന്നുള്ള അവലംബങ്ങൾ ആവശ്യമാണ്.(May 2015) ദയവായി യോഗ്യങ്ങളായ സ്രോതസ്സുകളിൽ നിന്നുമുള്ള അവലംബങ്ങൾ ചേർത്ത് ലേഖനം മെച്ചപ്പെടുത്തുക. അവലംബമില്ലാത്ത വസ്തുതകൾ ചോദ്യം ചെയ്യപ്പെടുകയും നീക്കപ്പെടുകയും ചെയ്തേക്കാം. |
വിമാനത്താവളം
തിരുത്തുകChișinău International Airport offers connections to major destinations, within Europe and Asia.
The Air Moldova and Fly-One flight operators has their head offices, as well as Wizz-Air has its hub on the grounds of Chișinău International Airport.[16]
റോഡ്
തിരുത്തുകThe most popular form of internal transport in Moldova is generally the bus. [അവലംബം ആവശ്യമാണ്] Although the city has just three main terminals, buses generally serve as the means of transport between cities in and outside of Moldova. Popular destinations include Tiraspol, Odessa (Ukraine), Iași and Bucharest (Romania).
തീവണ്ടി
തിരുത്തുകThe second most popular form of domestic transportation within Moldova is via railways. The total length of the network managed by Moldovan Railway CFM (2009—ലെ കണക്കുപ്രകാരം[update]) is 1,232 കിലോമീറ്റർ (4,041,995 അടി). The entire network is single track and is not electrified. The central hub of all railways is Chișinău Central Railway Station. There is another smaller railway station - Revaca located on the city's ends.
Chișinău Railway Station has an international railway terminal with connections to Bucharest, Kyiv, Minsk, Odessa, Moscow, Samara, Varna and St. Petersburg. Due to the simmering conflict between Moldova and the unrecognised Transnistria republic the rail traffic towards Ukraine is occasionally stopped.[അവലംബം ആവശ്യമാണ്]
പൊതുഗതാഗതം
തിരുത്തുകട്രോളീബസ്സുകൾ
തിരുത്തുകThere is wide trolleybus network operating as common public transportation within city. From 1994, Chișinău saw the establishment of new trolleybus lines, as well as an increase in capacity of existing lines, to improve connections between the urban districts. The network comprises 22 trolleybus lines being 246 കി.മീ (807,087 അടി) in length. Trolleybuses run between 05:00 and 03:00. There are 320 units daily operating in Chișinău. However the requirements are as minimum as 600 units. Trolleybus ticket costs at about 2 lei (ca. $0.11). It is the cheapest method of transport within Chișinău municipality.
ബസ്സുകൾ
തിരുത്തുകThere are 29 lines of buses within Chișinău municipality. At each public transportation stops there is attached a schedule for buses and trolleybuses. There are approximately 330 public transportation stops within Chișinău municipality. There is a big lack of buses inside city limits, with only 115 buses operating within Chișinău.[17]
ചെറു ബസ്സുകൾ
തിരുത്തുകIn Chișinău and its suburbs, privately operated minibuses known as "rutieras" generally follow the major bus and trolleybus routes and appear more frequently.[18] As of October 2017, there are 1100 units of minibuses operating within Chișinău. Minibuses services are priced the same as buses - 3 lei for a ticket (ca. $0.18).[19]
ഗതാഗതം
തിരുത്തുക
The city traffic becomes more congested as each year passes. Nowadays there are about 300,000 cars in the city plus 100,000 transit transports coming to the city each day.[അവലംബം ആവശ്യമാണ്] The number of personal transports is expected to reach 550,000 (without transit) by 2025.[അവലംബം ആവശ്യമാണ്].
കായികം
തിരുത്തുക
There are three professional football clubs in Chișinău, all playing in the Divizia Națională (national league): Zimbru, Dacia and Academia. Of the larger public multiuse stadiums in the city is the Stadionul Dinamo (Dinamo Stadium), which has a capacity of 2,692. The Zimbru Stadium, opened in May 2006 with a capacity of 10,500 sitting places, meets all the requirements for holding official international matches, and was the venue for all Moldova's Euro 2008 qualifying games. Currently there are discussions to build a new modern olympic stadium with capacity of circa 25,000 seats, that would meet all international requirements.
പ്രാധാന്യമുള്ള വ്യക്തികൾ
തിരുത്തുകനാട്ടുകാർ
തിരുത്തുക- Andrew Rayel, Stage name of Andrei Rata, Moldovan DJ
- Alexander Ulanovsky, the chief illegal "rezident" for Soviet Military Intelligence (GRU), prisoner in the Soviet gulag
- Olga Bancic, known for her role in the French Resistance during World War II
- Maria Cebotari, Romanian soprano and actress, one of Europe's greatest opera stars in the 1930s and 1940s
- William F. Friedman, American cryptologist
- Anatole Jakovsky, French art critic
- Avigdor Lieberman, Israeli politician
- Boris Mints - Russian billionaire
- Lewis Milestone, American motion picture director
- Sacha Moldovan, American expressionist and post-impressionist painter
- Ilya Oleynikov, comic actor and television personality
- Nina Pekerman, Israeli triathlete
- Maria Winetzkaja, American opera singer in the 1910s-1920s
- Sam Zemurray, American businessman who made his fortune in the banana trade
താമസക്കാർ
തിരുത്തുക- Gheorghe Botezatu American engineer, businessman and pioneer of helicopter flight
- Eugen Doga, composer
- Israel Gohberg, Soviet and Israeli mathematician
- Dovid Knut, poet and member of the French Resistance
- Sigmund Mogulesko, singer, actor, and composer
- SunStroke Project, Moldovan representative for both the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 and the Eurovision Song Contest 2017
- Zlata Tkach, composer and music educator
അന്താരാഷ്ട്രബന്ധങ്ങൾ
തിരുത്തുകഇരട്ടപ്പട്ടണങ്ങളും സഹോദരീനഗരങ്ങളും
തിരുത്തുക
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കുറിപ്പുകളും അവലംബവും
തിരുത്തുക- ↑ Brezianu, Andrei; Spânu, Vlad (2010). The A to Z of Moldova. Scarecrow Press. p. 81. ISBN 9781461672036. Retrieved 26 December 2013.
- ↑ "Planul Urbanistic General al Municipiului Chișinău" (Press release). Chișinău City Hall. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 20 January 2013.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Principalele rezultate ale RPL 2014" (Press release). National Bureau of Statistics of Moldova. 31 March 2017. Retrieved 7 September 2017.
- ↑ "Populaţia şi procesele demografice". National Bureau of Statistics of Moldova. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
- ↑ http://www.statistica.md/public/files/publicatii_electronice/Chisinau/Anuar_Chisinau_2013.pdf
- ↑ "Population by commune, sex and age groups" (Press release). National Bureau of Statistics of Moldova. 31 March 2017. Retrieved 7 September 2017.
- ↑ "Pogoda.ru.net" (in റഷ്യൻ). Погода и климат. May 2011. Retrieved 1 April 2016.
- ↑ "Kisinev Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 1 April 2016.
- ↑ Moldovan Law 431-XIII from 19 April 1995 Archived 22 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine., Monitorul Oficial al Republicii Moldova, no. 31-32/340, 9 June 1995 (in Romanian)
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 "Evoluţia demografică a oraşelor basarabene în prima jumătate a secolului al XIX-lea". Bessarabia.ru. Retrieved 2016-12-17.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Jewish Population in Bessarabia and Transnistria - Geographical". Jewishgen.org. Retrieved 2016-12-17.
- ↑ Statistics, National Bureau of (30 September 2009). "// Population Census 2004".
- ↑ "Populatia stabila pe orase si raioane, la 1 ianuarie, 2005-2017" [Permanent population in cities and districts on January 1, 2005-2017]. National Bureau of Statistics of Moldova. Archived from the original on 2020-01-07. Retrieved 5 December 2017.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 "Chisinau in cifre. Anuar statistic 2012" (PDF) (Press release). National Bureau of Statistics of Moldova.
- ↑ ഉദ്ധരിച്ചതിൽ പിഴവ്: അസാധുവായ
<ref>ടാഗ്;Kabaഎന്ന പേരിലെ അവലംബങ്ങൾക്ക് എഴുത്തൊന്നും നൽകിയിട്ടില്ല. - ↑ "Air Moldova :: Contacts". Airmoldova.md. Retrieved 2016-12-17.
- ↑ http://diez.md/2016/09/01/numarul-de-troleibuze-si-autobuze-care-vor-circula-chisinau-fost-majorat/
- ↑ "Chisinau." Chisinau Infos. World Infos, n.d. Web. 9 November 2016.
- ↑ "Numărul microbuzelor care circulă pe itinerarele din capitală s-a micșorat cu 600 de unități". Moldpres. 2017-09-25. Archived from the original on 2017-09-25. Retrieved 2017-10-06.
- ↑ "Orașe înfrățite (Twin cities of Chișinău) [via WaybackMachine.com]" (in Romanian). Primăria Municipiului Chișinău. Archived from the original on 3 September 2012. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ Jérôme Steffenino, Marguerite Masson. "Ville de Grenoble –Coopérations et villes jumelles". Grenoble.fr. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
- ↑ "Partner und Freundesstädte". Stadt Mannheim (in ജർമ്മൻ). Retrieved 2013-07-26.
- ↑ listed on Yerevan Municipality Official Website as Kishinev.
- ↑ "Yerevan - Twin Towns & Sister Cities". Yerevan Municipality Official Website. © 2005—2013 www.yerevan.am. Retrieved 2013-11-04.
- ↑ "Twin towns and Sister cities of Minsk [via WaybackMachine.com]" (in റഷ്യൻ). The department of protocol and international relations of Minsk City Executive Committee. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
- ↑ "Kardeş Kentleri Listesi ve 5 Mayıs Avrupa Günü Kutlaması [via WaybackMachine.com]" (in ടർക്കിഷ്). Ankara Büyükşehir Belediyesi - Tüm Hakları Saklıdır. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
അധികവായനയ്ക്ക്
തിരുത്തുക- Hamm, Michael F. (March 1998). "Kishinev: The character and development of a Tsarist Frontier Town". Nationalities Papers. 26 (1): 19–37. doi:10.1080/00905999808408548.
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