വിക്കിപീഡിയ

റോബർട്ട് ലുഡ്‍ലം

റോബർട്ട് ലുഡ്‍ലം (ജീവിതകാലം : മെയ്, 1927 – മാർച്ച് 12, 2001) 27 ത്രില്ലർ നോവലുകളുടെ കർത്താവായിരുന്നു. The Bourne Trilogy  നോവൽ പരമ്പരയിലെ കഥാപാത്രമായ Jason Bourne എന്ന കഥാപാത്ര സൃഷ്ടിയിലൂടെയാണ് അദ്ദേഹം കൂടുതലറിയപ്പെടുന്നത്. അദ്ദേഹത്തിന്റെ അച്ചടിക്കപ്പെട്ട പുസ്തകങ്ങളുടെ എണ്ണം ഏകദേശം 290 മില്ല്യണിനു 500 മില്ല്യണിനും ഇടയ്ക്കാണ്.[2][3][4]  അവ 40 രാജ്യങ്ങളിലായി 33 ഭാഷകളിൽ പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിക്കപ്പെട്ടിരിക്കുന്നു. ജോനാതൻ റൈഡർ, മൈക്കേൾ ഷേഫേർഡി എന്നീ തൂലികാനാമങ്ങളിലും അദ്ദേഹം ഗ്രന്ഥരചന നിർവ്വഹിച്ചിട്ടുണ്ട്.[5]

Robert Ludlum
പ്രമാണം:Robert Ludlum (1927-2001).jpg
ജനനം(1927-05-25)മേയ് 25, 1927
New York City, New York, U.S.
മരണംമാർച്ച് 12, 2001(2001-03-12) (പ്രായം 73)
Naples, Florida, U.S.
തൂലികാ നാമംJonathan Ryder, Michael Shepherd
തൊഴിൽNovelist
പഠിച്ച വിദ്യാലയംWesleyan University
GenreThriller, spy fiction, mystery
ശ്രദ്ധേയമായ രചന(കൾ)The Bourne Trilogy
പങ്കാളിMary Ryducha[1]
കുട്ടികൾ3 (two sons and a daughter)

ജീവിതരേഖ തിരുത്തുക

റോബർട്ട് ലുഡ്‍ലം ന്യൂയോർക്ക് നഗരത്തിൽ മാർഗരറ്റിൻറെയും (വാഡ്‍സ്‍വർത്ത്) ജോർജ്ജ് ഹാർട്ട്ഫോർഡ് ലുഡ്‍ലമിൻറെയും പുത്രനായി 1927 മെയ് മാസത്തിൽ ജനിച്ചു.[6]  അദ്ദേഹത്തിലൻറെ മാതാവു വഴിയുള്ള മുത്തശ്ശന്മാർ ഇംഗ്ലീഷുകാരായിരുന്നു.[7]  ദ റെക്ടറി സ്കൂളിൽ പ്രാഥമിക വിദ്യാഭ്യാസം നിർവ്വഹിക്കുകയും കണക്റ്റിക്കട്ടിലെ മിഡിൽട്ടണിലുള്ള ചെഷയർ അക്കാദമി, വെസ്‍ലിയാൻ യൂണിവേർസിറ്റി എന്നിവിടങ്ങളിൽ ഉപരിവിദ്യാഭ്യാസം നടത്തി ഡ്രാമായിൽ ബി.എ. ബിരുദം കരസ്ഥമാക്കിയിരുന്നു. 

രചനകൾ തിരുത്തുക

Title Year Series First edition publisher Notes Ref
The Scarlatti Inheritance 1971 — World Publishing Company [8]
The Osterman Weekend 1972 — World Publishing Company [9]
The Matlock Paper 1973 — Dial Press [10]
Trevayne 1973 — Delacorte Press Written under the pen-name Jonathan Ryder [11]
The Cry of the Halidon 1974 — Delacorte Press Written under the pen-name Jonathan Ryder [12]
The Rhinemann Exchange 1974 — Dial Press [13]
The Road to Gandolfo 1975 — Dial Press Written under the pen-name Michael Shepherd [14]
The Gemini Contenders 1976 — Dial Press [15]
The Chancellor Manuscript 1977 — Dial Press [16]
The Holcroft Covenant 1978 — R. Marek Publishers [17]
The Matarese Circle 1979 — R. Marek Publishers [18]
The Bourne Identity 1980 Jason Bourne R. Marek Publishers [19][20]
The Parsifal Mosaic 1982 — Random House [21]
The Aquitaine Progression 1984 — Random House [22]
The Bourne Supremacy 1986 Jason Bourne Random House [20][23]
The Icarus Agenda 1988 — Random House [24]
The Bourne Ultimatum 1990 Jason Bourne Random House [20][25]
The Road to Omaha 1992 — Random House Sequel to The Road to Gandolfo [26][27]
The Scorpio Illusion 1993 — Bantam Books [28]
The Apocalypse Watch 1995 — Bantam Books [29]
The Matarese Countdown 1997 — Bantam Books Sequel to The Matarese Circle [30][31]
The Hades Factor 2000 Covert-One St. Martin's Griffin Written with Gayle Lynds [20][32]
The Prometheus Deception 2000 — St. Martin's Press [33]
The Cassandra Compact 2001 Covert-One St. Martin's Griffin Written with Philip Shelby [20][34]
The Sigma Protocol 2001 — St. Martin's Press [35]
The Paris Option 2002 Covert-One St. Martin's Griffin Written with Gayle Lynds [20][36]
The Janson Directive 2002 Paul Janson St. Martin's Press [20][37]
The Altman Code 2003 Covert-One St. Martin's Press Written under the Ludlum brand by Gayle Lynds [20][38]
The Tristan Betrayal 2003 — St. Martin's Press [39]
The Bourne Legacy 2004 Jason Bourne St. Martin's Press Written under the Ludlum brand by Eric Van Lustbader [20][40]
The Lazarus Vendetta 2004 Covert-One St. Martin's Griffin Written under the Ludlum brand by Patrick Larkin [20][41]
The Moscow Vector 2005 Covert-One St. Martin's Griffin Written under the Ludlum brand by Patrick Larkin [20][42]
The Ambler Warning 2005 — St. Martin's Press [43]
The Bancroft Strategy 2006 — St. Martin's Press [44]
The Bourne Betrayal 2007 Jason Bourne Warner Books Written under the Ludlum brand by Eric Van Lustbader [20][45]
The Arctic Event 2007 Covert-One Grand Central Publishing Written under the Ludlum brand by James H. Cobb [20][46]
The Bourne Sanction 2008 Jason Bourne Grand Central Publishing Written under the Ludlum brand by Eric Van Lustbader [20][47]
The Bourne Deception 2009 Jason Bourne Grand Central Publishing Written under the Ludlum brand by Eric Van Lustbader [20][48]
The Bourne Objective 2010 Jason Bourne Grand Central Publishing Written under the Ludlum brand by Eric Van Lustbader [20][49]
The Bourne Dominion 2011 Jason Bourne Grand Central Publishing Written under the Ludlum brand by Eric Van Lustbader [20][50]
The Ares Decision 2011 Covert-One Grand Central Publishing Written under the Ludlum brand by Kyle Mills [20][51]
The Janson Command 2012 Paul Janson Grand Central Publishing Written under the Ludlum brand by Paul Garrison [20][52]
The Bourne Imperative 2012 Jason Bourne Grand Central Publishing Written under the Ludlum brand by Eric Van Lustbader [20][53]
The Janus Reprisal 2012 Covert-One Grand Central Publishing Written under the Ludlum brand by Jamie Freveletti [20][54]
The Utopia Experiment 2013 Covert-One Grand Central Publishing Written under the Ludlum brand by Kyle Mills [20][55]
The Bourne Retribution 2013 Jason Bourne Grand Central Publishing Written under the Ludlum brand by Eric Van Lustbader [20][56]
The Janson Option 2014 Paul Janson Grand Central Publishing Written under the Ludlum brand by Paul Garrison [20][57]
The Bourne Ascendancy 2014 Jason Bourne Grand Central Publishing Written under the Ludlum brand by Eric Van Lustbader [20][58]
The Geneva Strategy 2015 Covert-One Grand Central Publishing Written under the Ludlum brand by Jamie Freveletti [20][59]
The Janson Equation 2015 Paul Janson Grand Central Publishing Written under the Ludlum brand by Douglas Corleone [20][60]
The Patriot Attack 2015 Covert-One Grand Central Publishing Written under the Ludlum brand by Kyle Mills [20][61]
The Bourne Enigma 2016 Jason Bourne Grand Central Publishing Written under the Ludlum brand by Eric Van Lustbader [62]
The Bourne Initiative 2017 Jason Bourne Grand Central Publishing Written under the Ludlum brand by Eric Van Lustbader [63]

അവലംബം തിരുത്തുക

  1. ↑ Williams, John (March 14, 2001). "Robert Ludlum". The Guardian. Retrieved February 23, 2014.
  2. ↑ Ludlum, Robert, Prometheus Deception, 2000. Preface by the publisher, Orion Publishing.
  3. ↑ "The Ludlum conspiracy" at Legacy.com.
  4. ↑ Kearns, Kenneth (March 6, 2011). "The Ludlum Conspiracy". Daily Mail. London.
  5. ↑ Liukkonen, Petri. "Robert Ludlum". Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi). Finland: Kuusankoski Public Library. Archived from the original on 2007-03-31. Retrieved 2017-04-30. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help)
  6. ↑ Gina Macdonald, "The Life of Robert Ludlum", Robert Ludlum: A Critical Companion, Greenwood Press, 1997, p. 1.
  7. ↑ "Ludlum" at Genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com.
  8. ↑ "The Scarlatti Inheritance". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  9. ↑ "The Osterman Weekend". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  10. ↑ "The Matlock Paper". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  11. ↑ "Trevayne". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  12. ↑ "The Cry of the Halidon". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  13. ↑ "The Rhinemann Exchange". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. ↑ "The Road to Gandolfo". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  15. ↑ "The Gemini Contenders". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  16. ↑ "The Chancellor Manuscript". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  17. ↑ "The Holcroft Covenant". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  18. ↑ "The Matarese Circle". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= requires |archive-url= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  19. ↑ "The Bourne Identity". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  20. ↑ 20.00 20.01 20.02 20.03 20.04 20.05 20.06 20.07 20.08 20.09 20.10 20.11 20.12 20.13 20.14 20.15 20.16 20.17 20.18 20.19 20.20 20.21 20.22 20.23 20.24 20.25 20.26 20.27 "All Ludlum Books in Order". Hachette book Group. Archived from the original on 2016-01-19. Retrieved 2015-08-09.
  21. ↑ "The Parsifal Mosaic". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  22. ↑ "The Aquitaine Progression". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  23. ↑ "The Bourne Supremacy". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  24. ↑ "The Icarus Agenda". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  25. ↑ "The Bourne Ultimatum". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  26. ↑ "The Road to Omaha". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  27. ↑ Macdonald, Gina (1997). Robert Ludlum: A Critical Companion. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. p. 97. ISBN 0-313-29971-4.
  28. ↑ "The Scorpio Illusion". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  29. ↑ "The Apocalypse Watch". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  30. ↑ "The Matarese Countdown". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  31. ↑ Keeling, Larry Dale (1997-12-26). "Comparatively Speaking, Ludlum In A Slump With Sequel". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on 2015-08-15. Retrieved 2015-08-15.
  32. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Hades Factor". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  33. ↑ "The Prometheus Deception". WorldCat. Retrieved 2015-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  34. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Cassandra Compact". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2019-12-21. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  35. ↑ "The Sigma Protocol". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-04-04. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  36. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Paris Option". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-04-04. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  37. ↑ "The Janson Directive". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-03-08. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  38. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Altman code". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-03-11. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  39. ↑ "The Tristan Betrayal". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2019-12-21. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  40. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Bourne Legacy". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2015-08-08. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  41. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Lazarus Vendetta". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2018-06-16. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  42. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Moscow Vector". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-03-09. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  43. ↑ "The Ambler Warning". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-03-08. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  44. ↑ "The Bancroft Strategy". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2015-08-08. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  45. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Bourne Betrayal". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-03-11. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  46. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Arctic Event". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-04-04. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  47. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Bourne Sanction". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-03-09. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  48. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Bourne Deception". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2018-07-14. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  49. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Bourne Objective". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-04-04. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  50. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Bourne Dominion". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-03-08. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  51. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Ares Decision". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-03-09. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  52. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Janson Command". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-04-04. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  53. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Bourne Imperative". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-03-11. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  54. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Janus Reprisal". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-03-09. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  55. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Utopia Experiment". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-03-11. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  56. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Bourne Retribution". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-03-09. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  57. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Janson Option". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2018-07-14. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  58. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Bourne Ascendancy". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-04-04. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  59. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Geneva Strategy". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-03-08. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  60. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Janson Equation". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-04-04. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  61. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Patriot Attack". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-08-30. Retrieved 2016-08-30.
  62. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's The Bourne Enigma: A New Jason Bourne Novel". WorldCat. Archived from the original on 2016-06-25. Retrieved 2016-06-12.
  63. ↑ "Robert Ludlum's (TM) The Bourne Initiative". Hachette Book Group. Retrieved 2016-10-06.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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