"നിപൂർ" എന്ന താളിന്റെ പതിപ്പുകൾ തമ്മിലുള്ള വ്യത്യാസം
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(ചെ.) വർഗ്ഗം:വിശുദ്ധനഗരങ്ങൾ ചേർത്തു ഹോട്ട്ക്യാറ്റ് ഉപയോഗിച്ച് |
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വരി 52:
ബി.സി. ഏഴാം നൂറ്റാണ്ടിൽ [[അസീറിയ|അസീറിയൻ]] രാജാവായ ആഷുർബാനിപാൽ (Ashurbanipal) എൻലിലിന്റെ ദേവാലയം പുതുക്കിപ്പണിതു. പിന്നീട് ക്രമേണ നിപൂർ നഗരം ക്ഷയിച്ചുതുടങ്ങി. പാർഥിയൻ കാലഘട്ടത്തിൽ എൻലിൻ ദേവാലയപ്രദേശത്ത് ഒരു കോട്ട നിലനിന്നിരുന്നു. 1258-ൽ [[മംഗോളിയർ]] ഈ പ്രദേശം ആക്രമിച്ചു കൊള്ളയടിച്ചപ്പോഴോ, അതിനു മുൻപോ ആകാം ഈ നഗരം പൂർണമായി ഉപേക്ഷിക്കപ്പെട്ടതെന്നു കരുതപ്പെടുന്നു.
==കുറിപ്പുകൾ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
==അവലംബം==
*{{EB1911|wstitle=Nippur}}
*Marcel Sigrist, ''Drehem'', CDL Press, 1993, {{ISBN|0-9620013-6-8}}
*McGuire Gibson ([[Oriental Institute, Chicago|Oriental Institute]], U. of Chicago) [https://web.archive.org/web/20031210223926/http://www-oi.uchicago.edu/OI/PROJ/NIP/PUB92/PON/PON.html 'Patterns of occupation at Nippur],' 1992
*Donald E. McCown, Excavations at Nippur, 1948–50, Journal of Near Eastern Studies, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 169–176, 1952
*V.E. Crawford, Nippur the Holy City, Archaeology, vol. 12, pp. 74–83, 1959
*D.P. Hanson and G.f. Dales, The Temple of Inanna Queen of Heaven at Nippur, Archaeology, vol. 15, pp. 75–84, 1962
*[http://oi.uchicago.edu/pdf/oip11.pdf Edward Chiera, Cuneiform Series, Volume I: Sumerian Lexical Texts from the Temple School of Nippur, Oriental Institute Publication 11, 1929]
*[http://oi.uchicago.edu/pdf/saoc44.pdf E. C. Stone, Nippur Neighborhoods, Oriental Institute, Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization, vol. 44, 1987], {{ISBN|0-918986-50-8}}
*A. L. Oppenheim, Siege Documents from Nippur, Iraq, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 69–89, 1955
*T. Fish, The Summerian City Nippur in the Period of the Third Dynasty of Ur, Iraq, vol. 5, pp. 157–179, 1938
*John P. Peters, University of Pennsylvania Excavations at Nippur. II. The Nippur Arch, The American Journal of Archaeology and of the History of the Fine Arts, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 352–368, (Jul. - Sep., 1895)
*John P. Peters, The Nippur Library, Journal of the American Oriental Society, vol. 26, pp. 145–164, 1905
*McGuire Gibson, A Re-Evaluation of the Akkad Period in the Diyala Region on the Basis of Recent Excavations at Nippur and in the Hamrin, [[American Journal of Archaeology]], vol. 86, no. 4, pp. 531–538, 1982
*[https://oi.uchicago.edu/sites/oi.uchicago.edu/files/uploads/shared/docs/old_babylonian_contracts.pdf] Elizabeth C. Stone and Paul E. Zimansky, Old Babylonian Contracts From Nippur: Selected Texts From the University Museum University of Pennsylvania, Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago Microfiche Archives, Volume 1 Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1976
*Zettler, Richard L., The Ur III Temple of Inanna at Nippur: The Operation and Organization of Urban Religious Institutions in Mesopotamia in the Late Third Millennium B.C. Berliner Beitraege zum vorderen Orient 11. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer, 1992
*Adams, Robert M. (1981). ''Heartland of Cities''. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. {{ISBN|0-226-00544-5}}.
*Tim Clayden - Bernhard Schneider: Assurbanipal and the Ziggurat at Nippur. KASKAL 12, 2015, 348-382.
==പുറത്തേക്കുള്ള കണ്ണികൾ==
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikiquote}}
{{Wiktionary}}
{{Wikisource|1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Nippur}}
{{Wikisource|The New Student's Reference Work/Nippur}}
*[https://www.penn.museum/sites/bulletin/2554/ Nippur - Museum Bulletin of the Penn Museum, Volume X / Number 3-4 1944]
*[http://www.sas.upenn.edu/aamw/resources/fieldwork/#Nippur%20%28Iraq%29 University of Pennsylvania Museum excavations at Nippur]
*[https://oi.uchicago.edu/research/projects/nippur-expedition The Nippur Expedition: the holy city of Nippur - Oriental Institute of Chicago]
*[http://oi.uchicago.edu/gallery/asp_meso_nippur/ Nippur Archaeological Site Photographs at Oriental Institute]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20100531200940/http://www.millikin.edu/staley/archives/collections/Pages/cuneiforms.aspx Drehem cuneiform tablets at Milliken University]
*[http://www.powerhousemuseum.com/collection/database/?irn=48255 85/452 Tablet, cuneiform receipt for livestock, terracotta, Drehem, 2041 BCE]
{{Authority control}}
[[വർഗ്ഗം:വിശുദ്ധനഗരങ്ങൾ]]
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