വിക്കിപീഡിയ:IPA for Greek

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Ancient Greek and Modern Greek pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. Today, pronunciation of Ancient Greek is mostly based on Erasmian pronunciation. However, native Greek speakers use Modern Greek pronunciations for Ancient Greek words and phrases.

See Ancient Greek phonology and Modern Greek phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of these languages.

Consonants Greek alphabet IPA Examples English equivalent for Modern Greek Anc. Mod.  ῾ [h] ∅ ἥρως [hɛ̌ːrɔːs], [ˈiros] hero β [b] [v] βίος [ˈvios] vet γ [ɡ] [ɣ] γάλα [ˈɣala] [ʝ] γη [ʝi] yellow δ [d] [ð] δημοκρατία [ðimokraˈtia] then ζ [d͡z] [z] ζώνη [ˈzoni] zero θ [tʰ] [θ] θεολογία [θe̞oloˈʝia] thing κ [k] [k] καλός [kaˈlos] sky [c] κύκλος [ˈciklos] somewhat like key λ [l] [l] λεξικό [le̞ksiˈko] lie [ʎ] ελιά [e̞ˈʎa] million μ [m] [m] μηχανικός [mixaniˈkos] mine ν [n] [n] νέος [ˈne̞os] nine [ɲ] νιότη [ˈɲoti] onion ξ ks ξενοφοβία [kse̞nofoˈvia] tax π [p] πρόγραμμα [ˈproɣrama] spy ρ [r] [r] ρητορική [ritoriˈci] trilled r, as in Italian and Spanish ῥ [r̥] σ [s] σύστημα [ˈsistima] sea τ [t] τηλέφωνο [tiˈle̞fono] step φ [pʰ] [f] φαινόμενο [fe̞ˈnome̞no] fly χ [kʰ] [x] χάος [ˈxaos] loch (Scottish) [ç] χειρόγραφος [çiˈroɣrafos] (often) human ψ ps ψυχοθεραπεία [psixoθe̞raˈpia] tips γγ ŋɡ, ŋɣ αγγούρι [aŋˈguri]/συγγραφέας [siŋɣraˈfe̞as] finger ɲɟ, ŋʝ άγγελος [ˈaɲɟe̞los]/εγγενής [eɲʝe̞ˈnis] angel γκ [ɡ], ŋɡ εγκώμιο [e̞ŋˈgomio] good, finger [ɟ], ɲɟ εγκυκλοπαίδεια [e̞ɲɟikloˈpe̞ðia] argue, angular γχ ŋx άγχος [ˈaŋxos] ɲç εγχείριση [e̞ɲˈçirisi] γξ ŋks έλεγξα [ˈe̞le̞ŋksa] thanks μπ [b], mb εμπάθεια [e̞mˈbaθia] book, amble ντ [d], nd εντάξει [e̞nˈdaksi] duck, under τσ [t͡s] τσάι [ˈt͡sai] cats τζ [d͡z] τζαζ [ˈd͡zaz] pads

Vowels Greek alphabet IPA Examples English equivalent for Modern Greek Anc. Mod. α [a] [ä] αλφάβητο [alˈfavito] tar, spa aː αι ai̯, aj [e̞] between bet and bait ε [e̞] ενέργεια [e̞ˈne̞rʝia] ει eː [i] ενέργεια [e̞ˈne̞rʝia] seem η ɛː ηθική [iθiˈci] ι [i] ιστορία [istoˈria] iː υ [y] υγιεινή [iʝiiˈni] yː οι ɔi̯, oj οικονομία [ikonoˈmia] υι ui̯ υιός [iˈos] ο [o] [o̞] οργανισμός [orɣanizˈmos] hope ω ɔː ώρα [ˈora] αυ au̯ av, af αύρα [ˈavra] /αυθεντικός [afθendiˈkos] [a] then [v] / [f] ευ eu̯ e̞v, e̞f ευρώπη [e̞vˈropi] / ευφορία [e̞foˈria] [e̞] then [v] / [f] ηυ ɛːu̯ iv, if εφηύρα [e̞ˈfivra] / ηυξημένος [ifksiˈme̞nos] [i] then [v] / [f] ου oː [u] ουτοπία [utoˈpia] boot Stress and tone IPA Examples Ancient Greek á Acute: High tone on short vowels ǎː Acute: Rising tone on long vowels and diphthongs a Grave: low tone ([à]) âː Circumflex: Falling tone on long vowels and diphthongs Modern Greek ˈa άλλος [ˈallos] Stress mark: placed before the stressed syllable or vowel. Represented in monotonic orthography by tonos. Occurs on one of final three syllables, including any enclitics.

External links

• Greek dictionary with pronunciation
• The Details of Modern Greek Phonetics and Phonology