കേംബ്രിയൻ വിസ്ഫോടനം
കേംബ്രിയൻ വിസ്ഫോടനംThe Cambrian explosion or Cambrian radiation[1] ഏതാണ്ട് 541 ദശലക്ഷം വർഷങ്ങൾക്കുമുമ്പ്, കേംബ്രിയൻ കാലഘട്ടത്തിൽ പ്രധാന ജന്തുജാലങ്ങൾ ഫോസ്സിൽ രേഖകളിൽ പ്രത്യക്ഷപ്പെട്ട കാലമാണ്. [2][3] ഇത് മൂലം ജന്തുക്കൾ ഏറ്റവും വൈവിദ്ധ്യമാർന്നു.[4] മറ്റു ജീവികളിലും വലിയതോതിൽ വൈവിദ്ധ്യം പ്രത്യക്ഷപ്പെട്ടു.[./Cambrian_explosion#cite_note-5 [note 1]][note 1]
ഇതും കാണുക
തിരുത്തുക- Massive Australian Precambrian/Cambrian Impact Structure
കുറിപ്പുകൾ
തിരുത്തുക- ↑ This included at least animals, phytoplankton and calcimicrobes.[5]
Citations
തിരുത്തുക- ↑ Zhuravlev, Andrey; Riding, Robert (2000). The Ecology of the Cambrian Radiation. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-10613-9.
The Cambrian radiation was the explosive evolution of marine life that started 550,000,000 years ago. It ranks as one of the most important episodes in Earth history. This key event in the history of life on our planet changed the marine biosphere and its sedimentary environment forever, requiring a complex interplay of wide-ranging biologic and nonbiologic processes.
- ↑ Maloof, A. C.; Porter, S. M.; Moore, J. L.; Dudas, F. O.; Bowring, S. A.; Higgins, J. A.; Fike, D. A.; Eddy, M. P. (2010). "The earliest Cambrian record of animals and ocean geochemical change". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 122 (11–12): 1731–1774. Bibcode:2010GSAB..122.1731M. doi:10.1130/B30346.1.
- ↑ "New Timeline for Appearances of Skeletal Animals in Fossil Record Developed by UCSB Researchers". The Regents of the University of California. 10 November 2010. Retrieved 1 September 2014.
- ↑ Conway-Morris, S. (2003). "The Cambrian "explosion" of metazoans and molecular biology: would Darwin be satisfied?". The International journal of developmental biology. 47 (7–8): 505–15. PMID 14756326.
- ↑ ഉദ്ധരിച്ചതിൽ പിഴവ്: അസാധുവായ
<ref>ടാഗ്;Butterfield2001ECRഎന്ന പേരിലെ അവലംബങ്ങൾക്ക് എഴുത്തൊന്നും നൽകിയിട്ടില്ല.
കൂടുതൽ വായനയ്ക്ക്
തിരുത്തുക- Budd, G. E.; Jensen, J. (2000). "A critical reappraisal of the fossil record of the bilaterian phyla". Biological Reviews. 75 (2): 253–295. doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.1999.tb00046.x. PMID 10881389.
- Collins, Allen G. "Metazoa: Fossil record". Retrieved Dec. 14, 2005.
- Conway Morris, S. (1997). The Crucible of Creation: the Burgess Shale and the rise of animals. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-286202-2.
- Conway Morris, S. (June 2006). "Darwin's dilemma: the realities of the Cambrian 'explosion'". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 361 (1470): 1069–1083. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1846. ISSN 0962-8436. PMC 1578734. PMID 16754615.
Conway Morris, S. (June 2006). "Darwin's dilemma: the realities of the Cambrian 'explosion'". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 361 (1470): 1069–1083. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1846. ISSN 0962-8436. PMC 1578734. PMID 16754615. An enjoyable account. - Gould, S.J. (1989). Wonderful Life: The Burgess Shale and the Nature of History. W.W. Norton & Company.
- Kennedy, M.; M. Droser; L. Mayer.; D. Pevear; D. Mrofka (2006). "Clay and Atmospheric Oxygen". Science. 311 (5766): 1341. doi:10.1126/science.311.5766.1341c.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|last-author-amp=ignored (|name-list-style=suggested) (help) - Knoll, A.H.; Carroll, S.B. (1999-06-25). "Early Animal Evolution: Emerging Views from Comparative Biology and Geology". Science. 284 (5423): 2129–37. doi:10.1126/science.284.5423.2129. PMID 10381872.
- Markov, Alexander V.; Korotayev, Andrey V. (2007). "Phanerozoic marine biodiversity follows a hyperbolic trend". Palaeoworld. 16 (4): 311–318. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2007.01.002.
- Montenari, M.; Leppig, U. (2003). "The Acritarcha: their classification morphology, ultrastructure and palaeoecological/palaeogeographical distribution". Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 77: 173–194. doi:10.1007/bf03004567.
- Wang, D. Y.-C.; S. Kumar; S. B. Hedges (January 1999). "Divergence time estimates for the early history of animal phyla and the origin of plants, animals and fungi". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 266 (1415): 163–71. doi:10.1098/rspb.1999.0617. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 1689654. PMID 10097391. Wang, D. Y.-C.; S. Kumar; S. B. Hedges (January 1999). "Divergence time estimates for the early history of animal phyla and the origin of plants, animals and fungi". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 266 (1415): 163–71. doi:10.1098/rspb.1999.0617. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 1689654. PMID 10097391.
- Xiao, S.; Y. Zhang; A. Knoll (January 1998). "Three-dimensional preservation of algae and animal embryos in a Neoproterozoic phosphorite". Nature. 391 (1): 553–58. Bibcode:1998Natur.391..553X. doi:10.1038/35318. ISSN 0090-9556.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|last-author-amp=ignored (|name-list-style=suggested) (help)
