[[File:Deep_bite_with_crowding.jpg|thumb|Deep bite with crowding]]
Deep bite in orthodontics means that the upper teeth overlaps the lower teeth more than the normal amount.<ref>Nanda R. The Differential Diagnosis andTreatment of Excessive Overbite. In : Nanda R.Symposium on Orthodontics; 1981;69:82.</ref> Over bite is measured from the tip of the upper incisors to the tip of the lower incisors. The normal amount is 2 mm or 30% of the height of the lower incisor. Deep over bite or deep bite is one of the most common malocclusion.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Cvvr|first=sreedhar|last2=baratam|first2=sreenivas|date=2009-06-20|title=Deep overbite—A review (Deep bite, Deep overbite, Excessive overbite)|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5368/aedj.2009.1.1.8-25|journal=ANNALS AND ESSENCES OF DENTISTRY|volume=I|issue=1|pages=8–25|doi=10.5368/aedj.2009.1.1.8-25|issn=0975-8798}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nanda|first=Ravindra|date=1997-01-01|title=CORRECTION OF DEEP OVERBITE IN ADULTS|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001185322200101X|journal=Dental Clinics of North America|language=en|volume=41|issue=1|pages=67–87|doi=10.1016/S0011-8532(22)00101-X|issn=0011-8532}}</ref>in children as well as adults and one of the most difficult to treat <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Daokar|first=Suchita|last2=Agrawal|first2=Gauri|date=2016-10-17|title=Deep Bite Its Etiology, Diagnosis and Management: A Review|url=https://orthodontics-endodontics.imedpub.com/abstract/deep-bite-its-etiology-diagnosis-and-management-a-review-17519.html|journal=Journal of Orthodontics & Endodontics|language=en|volume=2|issue=4|doi=10.21767/2469-2980.100029|issn=2469-2980}}{{CC-notice|cc=bysa2.5}}</ref> In fact it is the most commonest malocclusion next to [[Dental crowding]].<ref name=":0">https://web.archive.org/web/20170808215642id_/http://www.aedj.in/images/3/37/1.1.8-25.pdf</ref>
It is defined as the excess amount of overlap of the mandibular incisor teeth by the maxillary incisor teeth. <ref name=":0" /> or just the excessive overbite of the lower incisors by the upper incisors when the jaws are in a position where all the teeth are in maximum contacts. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/46392939|title=Textbook of orthodontics|date=2001|publisher=Saunders|others=Samir E. Bishara|isbn=0-7216-8289-8|location=Philadelphia, Pa.|oclc=46392939}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Southard|first=Thomas E.|last2=Marshall|first2=Steven D.|last3=Bonner|first3=Laura L.|date=2015-08-20|title=Orthodontics in the Vertical Dimension|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118925225|doi=10.1002/9781118925225}}</ref>
Unfavorable sequel of this malocclusion are periodontal involvement, abnormal function, improper mastication, excessive stresses, trauma, functional problems, bruxism, clenching and temporomandibular joint disturbances. <ref name=":2" />
== History ==
Archeological evidence suggests that until 250 years ago humans had edge to edge bite and not overbite. The chopsticks are believed to cause the same change in china 900 yeasrs ago. There are evidences that the scissor bite was more prevalent in prehistoric humans. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lukacs|first=J. R.|last2=Hemphill|first2=B. E.|date=1990-12-19|title=Traumatic injuries of prehistoric teeth: New evidence from Baluchistan and Punjab Provinces, Pakistan|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/48/1990/351|journal=Anthropologischer Anzeiger|volume=48|issue=4|pages=351–363|doi=10.1127/anthranz/48/1990/351|issn=0003-5548}}</ref> An American anthropologist, [[C. Loring Brace]], theorized that the overbite resulted from the way we use cutlery <ref>{{Cite web|last=Douglas|first=Scott|date=2013-01-17|title=How Forks Gave Us Overbites and Pots Saved the Toothless|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2013/01/how-forks-gave-us-overbites-and-pots-saved-the-toothless/267252/|access-date=2023-02-22|website=The Atlantic|language=en}}</ref> The introduction of processed food have brought some malocclusion to existence as it brought new sound pronunciations as well. <ref>{{Cite web|last=Bickel|first=Balthasar|last2=Moran|first2=Steven|title=Softer, processed foods changed the way ancient humans spoke|url=http://theconversation.com/softer-processed-foods-changed-the-way-ancient-humans-spoke-113599|access-date=2023-02-22|website=The Conversation|language=en}}</ref>
== Classification ==
Deep bite can be classified as dental deep bite and skeletal deep bite, or as true deep bite and pseudo deep bite or as incomplete deep bite and complete deep bite. <ref>{{Citation|title=The Principles of Functional Appliances|date=2010|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-78402|work=Orthodontic and Dentofacial Orthopedic Treatment|editor-last=Rakosi|editor-first=Thomas|place=Stuttgart|publisher=Georg Thieme Verlag|access-date=2023-02-22|editor2-last=Graber|editor2-first=Thomas M.}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Jain|first=Navisha|date=2021-12-31|title=Deep bite: its classification, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis & treatment modalities|url=https://sciencescholar.us/journal/index.php/ijhs/article/view/5659|journal=International journal of health sciences|language=en|pages=222–229|doi=10.53730/ijhs.v5nS2.5659|issn=2550-696X}}</ref> and according to the dentition as primary dentition deep bite, mixed dentition deep bite and permanent dentition deep bite. <ref name=":1" />
