"സിറ്റേഷ്യൻ ജീവികളുടെ പട്ടിക" എന്ന താളിന്റെ പതിപ്പുകൾ തമ്മിലുള്ള വ്യത്യാസം
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വരി 1:
89 ഇനം [[Whale|തിമിംഗലങ്ങൾ]], [[Dolphin|ഡോൾഫിനുകൾ]], [[Porpoise|പോർപോയിസുകൾ]] എന്നിവ ഉൾപ്പെടുന്ന ഒരു [[Infraorder|ഇൻഫ്രാ ഓർഡെറാണ്]] [[Cetacea|സിറ്റേഷ്യ]]. ഇവയെ [[Toothed whale|പല്ലുള്ള തിമിംഗലങ്ങൾ]] (Odontoceti) എന്നും [[Baleen whale|
== Mysticeti:
{{Main|Baleen whale}}
The baleen
===
{{See also|Balaenidae}}
The
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;text-align:center"
| colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#BBBBFF" |ജീനസ് '''''[[Balaena]]''''' <small>[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]]</small> – ഒരു സ്പീഷീസ്
വരി 28:
|[[പ്രമാണം:A_bowhead_whale_breaches_off_the_coast_of_western_Sea_of_Okhotsk_by_Olga_Shpak,_Marine_Mammal_Council,_IEE_RAS.jpg|194x194ബിന്ദു|Bowhead whale]]
|-
| colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#BBBBFF" |ജീനസ് '''''[[Eubalaena]]''''' <small>[[John Edward Gray|
|-
! scope="col" |പൊതുവായ പേര്
വരി 38:
! scope="col" |ചിത്രം
|-
|[[North Atlantic right whale|North Atlantic
|''Eubalaena glacialis''
<small>[[Johannes Peter Müller|Müller]], 1776</small>
വരി 47:
|[[പ്രമാണം:Anim1750_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg|150x150ബിന്ദു|North Atlantic right whale]]
|-
|[[North Pacific right whale|North Pacific
|''Eubalaena japonica''
<small>[[Bernard Germain de Lacépède|Lacépède]], 1818</small>
വരി 56:
|[[പ്രമാണം:NoPacificRightWhale_Pitman_1.jpg|150x150ബിന്ദു|North Pacific right whale]]
|-
|[[Southern right whale|Southern
|''Eubalaena australis''
<small>[[Desmoulins]], 1822</small>
വരി 67:
</onlyinclude>
===
{{See also|Rorqual}}
Rorquals are the largest group of baleen തിമിംഗലങ്ങൾ, with nine സ്പീഷീസ് in രണ്ട് genera. They include the largest animal that has ever lived, the [[Blue whale|blue തിമിംഗലം]]. They take their name from a [[Norwegian language|Norwegian]] word meaning "furrow തിമിംഗലം": all members of the
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;text-align:center"
| colspan="100%" align="center" style="background-color:lightblue;" |
|-
| colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#BBBBFF" |ജീനസ് '''''[[Balaenoptera]]''''' – eight സ്പീഷീസ്
വരി 155:
|[[പ്രമാണം:Minke_whale_in_ross_sea.jpg|150x150ബിന്ദു|Antarctic minke whale]]
|-
| colspan="100%" align="center" style="background-color:lightblue;" |
|-
| colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#BBBBFF" |ജീനസ് '''''[[Megaptera]]''''' <small>[[John Edward Gray|
|-
! scope="col" |പൊതുവായ പേര്
വരി 177:
|}
===
{{See also|Cetotheriidae}}
The
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;text-align:center"
| colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#BBBBFF" |ജീനസ് '''''Caperea''''' <small>[[John Edward Gray|
|-
! scope="col" |പൊതുവായ പേര്
വരി 191:
! scope="col" |ചിത്രം
|-
|[[Pygmy right whale|
|''Caperea marginata''
<small>[[John Edward Gray|
|{{IUCN status|LC|3778|1}}
|Unknown
വരി 201:
|}
===
{{See also|Eschrichtiidae}}
Eschrichtiidae only has ഒരു living member: the
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;text-align:center"
| colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#BBBBFF" |ജീനസ് '''''Eschrichtius''''' – ഒരു സ്പീഷീസ്
വരി 215:
! scope="col" |ചിത്രം
|-
|[[Gray whale|
|''Eschrichtius robustus''
<small>Lilljeborg, 1861</small>
വരി 225:
|}
== Odontoceti:
{{Main|Toothed whale}}
The
===
{{See also|Delphinidae}}
Oceanic ഡോൾഫിനുകൾ are the members of the
The Delphinidae are characterized by having distinct [[Beak|beaks]] (unlike the Phocoenidae), രണ്ട് or more fused cervical vertebrae and 20 or more pairs of teeth in their upper jaws. Nഒരു is more than 4 m long.<ref name="Martin" />
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;text-align:center"
| colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#BBBBFF" |ജീനസ് '''''[[Cephalorhynchus]]''''' <small>[[John Edward Gray|
|-
! scope="col" |പൊതുവായ പേര്
വരി 247:
|[[Chilean dolphin|Chilean ഡോൾഫിൻ]]
|''Cephalorhynchus eutropia''
<small>[[John Edward Gray|
|{{IUCN status|NT|4160|1}}
|Unknown
വരി 265:
|[[Heaviside's dolphin|Heaviside's ഡോൾഫിൻ]]
|''Cephalorhynchus heavisidii''
<small>[[John Edward Gray|
|{{IUCN status|NT|4161|1}}
|Unknown
വരി 302:
|[[Long-beaked common dolphin|Long-beaked common ഡോൾഫിൻ]]{{efn|As of August 2018, the [[Society for Marine Mammalogy]] considers the long-beaked common dolphin as an ecologically-induced form of the short-beaked dolphin based on molecular evidence. The Eastern North Pacific long-beaked dolphin population may be a unique species ''D. bairdii''<ref name=mammalogy />}}
|''Delphinus capensis''
<small>[[John Edward Gray|
|{{IUCN status|DD|6337|1}}
|Unknown {{efn|The total population is unknown but numbers in the hundreds of thousands}}
വരി 328:
! scope="col" |ചിത്രം
|-
|[[Pygmy killer whale|
|''Feresa attenuata''
<small>[[John Edward Gray|
|{{IUCN status|LC|8551|1}}
|Unknown {{efn|The only population estimate is of 38,900 individuals in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean}}
വരി 358:
|[[Short-finned pilot whale|Short-finned pilot തിമിംഗലം]]
|''Globicephala macrorhynchus''
<small>[[John Edward Gray|
|{{IUCN status|LC|9249|1}}
|Unknown {{efn|Total population not known. There are 150,000 individuals in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. There are estimated to be more than 30,000 animals in the western Pacific, off the coast of Japan}}
വരി 403:
|[[പ്രമാണം:Fraser_s_group.jpg.jpeg|150x150ബിന്ദു|Fraser's dolphin]]
|-
| colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#BBBBFF" |ജീനസ് '''''[[Lagenorhynchus]]''''' <small>[[John Edward Gray|
|-
! scope="col" |പൊതുവായ പേര്
വരി 415:
|[[Atlantic white-sided dolphin|Atlantic white-sided ഡോൾഫിൻ]]
|''Lagenorhynchus acutus''
<small>[[John Edward Gray|
|{{IUCN status|LC|11141|1}}
|200,000 – 300,000
വരി 424:
|[[Dusky dolphin|Dusky ഡോൾഫിൻ]]
|''Lagenorhynchus obscurus''
<small>[[John Edward Gray|
|{{IUCN status|LC|11146|1}}
|Unknown
വരി 460:
|[[White-beaked dolphin|White-beaked ഡോൾഫിൻ]]
|''Lagenorhynchus albirostris''
<small>[[John Edward Gray|
|{{IUCN status|LC|11142|1}}
|100,000 {{efn|Estimates of various stocks throughout the North Atlantic give an overall value into the high tens or low hundreds of thousands}}
വരി 477:
! scope="col" |ചിത്രം
|-
|[[Northern right whale dolphin|Northern
|''Lissodelphis borealis''
<small>[[Titian Peale|Peale]], 1848</small>
വരി 486:
|[[പ്രമാണം:Anim1749_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg|150x150ബിന്ദു|Northern right whale dolphin]]
|-
|[[Southern right whale dolphin|Southern
|''Lissodelphis peronii''
<small>[[Bernard Germain de Lacépède|Lacépède]], 1804</small>
വരി 495:
|[[പ്രമാണം:Anim0796_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg|150x150ബിന്ദു|Southern right whale dolphin]]
|-
| colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#BBBBFF" |ജീനസ് '''''[[Orcaella]]''''' <small>[[John Edward Gray|
|-
! scope="col" |പൊതുവായ പേര്
വരി 516:
|[[Irrawaddy dolphin|Irrawaddy ഡോൾഫിൻ]]
|''Orcaella brevirostris''
<small>[[John Edward Gray|
|{{IUCN status|EN|15419|1}}
|Unknown
വരി 554:
|[[Melon-headed whale|Melon-headed തിമിംഗലം]]
|''Peponocephala electra''
<small>[[John Edward Gray|
|{{IUCN status|LC|16564|1}}
|Unknown {{efn|Estimates for eastern tropical Pacific are 45,000 and another recent survey estimates population to be 1,200 for the eastern Sulu Sea, no global estimate is known}}
വരി 654:
|[[പ്രമാണം:DELFIN_DEL_ORINOCO2.JPG|150x150ബിന്ദു|Tucuxi]]
|-
| colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#BBBBFF" |ജീനസ് '''''[[Stenella]]''''' <small>[[John Edward Gray|
|-
! scope="col" |പൊതുവായ പേര്
വരി 675:
|[[Clymene dolphin|Clymene ഡോൾഫിൻ]]
|''Stenella clymene''
<small>[[John Edward Gray|
|{{IUCN status|LC|20730|1}}
|Unknown
വരി 684:
|[[Pantropical spotted dolphin|Pantropical spotted ഡോൾഫിൻ]]
|''Stenella attenuata''
<small>[[John Edward Gray|
|{{IUCN status|LC|20729|1}}
|3,000,000
വരി 693:
|[[Spinner dolphin|Spinner ഡോൾഫിൻ]]
|''Stenella longirostris''
<small>[[John Edward Gray|
|{{IUCN status|LC|20733|1}}
|Unknown
വരി 719:
! scope="col" |ചിത്രം
|-
|[[Rough-toothed dolphin|Rough-
|''Steno bredanensis''
<small>[[Rene Primevere Lesson|Lesson]], 1828</small>
വരി 766:
|}
===
{{See also|Monodontidae}}
The Monodontidae lack dorsal fins, which have been replaced by tough, fibrous ridges just behind the midpoints of their bodies and are probably an adaptation to swimming under ice, as both do in their [[Arctic]] habitat. The [[Flipper (anatomy)|flippers]] are small, rounded and tend to curl up at the ends in adulthood. All, or almost all, the cervical vertebrae are unfused, allowing their heads to be turned independently of their bodies.<ref name="Martin" />
വരി 810:
|}
===
{{See also|Kogiidae}}
The dwarf and
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;text-align:center"
| colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#BBBBFF" |ജീനസ് '''''[[Kogia]]''''' – രണ്ട് സ്പീഷീസ്
വരി 833:
|[[പ്രമാണം:Kogia_sima.jpg|150x150ബിന്ദു|Dwarf sperm whale (reconstruction)]]
|-
|[[Pygmy sperm whale|
|''Kogia breviceps''
<small>[[Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville|Blainville]], 1838</small>
വരി 843:
|}
===
{{See also|Phocoenidae}}
Porpoises are small cetaceans of the
Porpoises, divided into seven സ്പീഷീസ്, live in all oceans, mostly near the shore.
വരി 943:
|}
===
{{See also|Physeteridae}}
The sperm തിമിംഗലം characteristically has a large, squarish head ഒരു-third the length of its body; the [[Blowhole (biology)|blowhole]] is slightly to the left hand side; the skin is usually wrinkled; and it has no teeth on the upper jaw.
വരി 968:
|}
===
{{See also|Ziphiidae}}
A
A beaked തിമിംഗലം is any of at least 22 സ്പീഷീസ് of തിമിംഗലം in the
They possess a unique feeding mechanism among cetaceans known as [[suction feeding]]. They are characterized by having a lower jaw that extends at least to the tip of the upper jaw, a shallow or non-existent notch between the tail flukes, a dorsal fin set far backwards, മൂന്ന് of നാല് fused neck vertebrae, extensive skull asymmetry and രണ്ട് conspicuous throat grooves forming a 'V' pattern (which aid in sucking).<ref name="Martin" />
വരി 1,050:
|[[പ്രമാണം:Cuviers_beaked_whale-swfsc.jpg|150x150ബിന്ദു|Cuvier's beaked whale]]
|-
| colspan="100%" align="center" style="background-color:lightblue;" |
|-
| colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#BBBBFF" |ജീനസ് '''''[[Hyperoodon]]''''' – രണ്ട് സ്പീഷീസ്
വരി 1,145:
|[[പ്രമാണം:Gervais'_Beaked_Whale_(cropped).jpg|150x150ബിന്ദു|Gervais’ beaked whale]]
|-
|[[Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale|Ginkgo-
|''Mesoplodon ginkgodens''
<small>Nishiwaki & Kamiya, 1958</small>
വരി 1,154:
|[[പ്രമാണം:Mesoplodon_ginkgodens_by_OpenCage.jpg|150x150ബിന്ദു|Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale (skull)]]
|-
|[[Gray's beaked whale|
|''Mesoplodon
<small>[[Julius von Haast|von Haast]], 1876</small>
|{{IUCN status|DD|13247|1}}
വരി 1,165:
|[[Hector's beaked whale|Hector's beaked തിമിംഗലം]]
|''Mesoplodon hectori''
<small>[[John Edward Gray|
|{{IUCN status|DD|13248|1}}
|Unknown
വരി 1,190:
|''(cetacean needed)''
|-
|[[Pygmy beaked whale|
|''Mesoplodon peruvianus''
<small>Reyes, Mead, and Van Waerebeek, 1991</small>
വരി 1,208:
|[[പ്രമാണം:Spitssnuitdolfijn.JPG|150x150ബിന്ദു|Sowerby's beaked whale]]
|-
|[[Spade-toothed whale|Spade-
|''Mesoplodon traversii'', [[Synonym (taxonomy)|syn.]] ''Mesoplodon bahamondi''
<small>[[John Edward Gray|
|{{IUCN status|DD|41760|1}}
|Unknown
വരി 1,226:
|[[പ്രമാണം:Mesoplodon_stejnegeri_by_OpenCage.jpg|150x150ബിന്ദു|Stejneger's beaked whale (skull)]]
|-
|[[Strap-toothed whale|Strap-
|''Mesoplodon layardii''
<small>[[John Edward Gray|
|{{IUCN status|DD|13249|1}}
|Unknown
വരി 1,245:
|}
===
{{See also|Platanistoidea}}
River ഡോൾഫിനുകൾ are the five cetaceans which reside in freshwater rivers and estuaries. These were all previously classified in the
====
{{Main|Iniidae}}
T
This
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;text-align:center"
| colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#BBBBFF" |ജീനസ് '''''[[Inia]]''''' – രണ്ട് സ്പീഷീസ്
വരി 1,282:
|}
====
{{Main|Lipotidae}}
The
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;text-align:center"
| colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#BBBBFF" |ജീനസ് '''''[[Lipotes]]''''' – ഒരു സ്പീഷീസ്
വരി 1,306:
|}
====
{{Main|Platanistidae}}
The Platanistidae were originally thought to hold only ഒരു സ്പീഷീസ് (the South Asian river ഡോൾഫിൻ), but, based on differences in skull structure, vertebrae and lipid composition, it was split into രണ്ട് separate സ്പീഷീസ് in the early 1970s.<ref>Pilleri, G., Marcuzzi, G. and Pilleri, O., 1982. Speciation in the Platanistoidea, systematic, zoogeographical and ecological observations on recent species. Investigations on Cetacea, 14: 15–46.</ref> However, these were demoted to subസ്പീഷീസ് in 1988.<ref name="Rice1998" />
വരി 1,330:
|}
====
{{Main|Pontoporiidae}}
The La Plata ഡോൾഫിൻ is the only സ്പീഷീസ് of the
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;text-align:center"
| colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#BBBBFF" |ജീനസ് '''''[[La Plata dolphin|Pontoporia]]''''' – ഒരു സ്പീഷീസ്
|