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{{prettyurl|Hymenoptera}}
{{Under construction}}
{{Taxobox
The ''' Hymenoptera''' are the third largest orders of [[പ്രാണി|insects]], comprising the sawflies, wasps, [[അന്തോഫില|bees]] and [[ഉറുമ്പ്|ants]]. Over 150,000 species are recognized, with many more remaining to be described. The name refers to the wings of the insects, but the original derivation is ambiguous.<ref name="Grissel10">{{Cite book|title = Bees, Wasps, and Ants: The Indispensable Role of Hymenoptera in Gardens|publisher = Timber Press, Inc.|last = Grissell|first = Eric|year = 2010}}</ref>{{ഫലകം:Rp|42}} All references agree that the derivation involves the Ancient Greek [[wiktionary:πτερόν|πτερόν]] (''pteron'') for wing. The Ancient Greek [[wiktionary:ὑμήν|ὑμήν]] (''hymen'') for membrane provides a plausible etymology for the term because these insects have membranous wings. However, a key characteristic of this order is that the hind wings are connected to the fore wings by a series of hooks called hamuli. Thus, another plausible etymology involves, Hymen, the Ancient Greek god of marriage, as these insects have "married wings" in flight.
| name = ഹൈമനോപ്റ്റെറ
|fossil_range= {{fossilrange|251|0}}<small>[[Triassic]] - സമീപസ്ഥം</small>
| image = Orange Caterpillar Parasite Wasp.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = ''പെൺകടന്നൽ''
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Arthropoda]]
| classis = [[Insect]]a
| subclassis = [[Pterygota]]
| infraclassis = [[Neoptera]]
| superordo = [[Endopterygota]]
| ordo = '''Hymenoptera'''
| ordo_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[Systema Naturae|1758]]
| subdivision_ranks = [[Suborders]]
| subdivision =
[[Apocrita]]<br />
[[Sawfly|Symphyta]]
}}
[[കടന്നൽ|കടന്നലുകൾ]], [[അന്തോഫില|അന്തോഫില (ബീ)]]. [[ഉറുമ്പുകൾ]] എന്നിവയെ ഉൾക്കൊള്ളുന്ന ഷഡ്പദങ്ങളിലെ മൂന്നാമത്തെ വലിയ നിരയാണ് '''ഹൈമനോപ്റ്റെറ'''.
 
== അവലംബം ==
Females typically have a special ovipositor for inserting eggs into hosts or otherwise inaccessible places. The ovipositor is often modified into a stinger. The young develop through holometabolism, (complete [[രൂപാന്തരീകരണം|metamorphosis]])—that is, they have a worm-like larval stage and an inactive pupal stage before they mature.
 
== Evolution ==
Hymenoptera originated in the [[ട്രയാസ്സിക്|Triassic]], the oldest fossils belonging to the family Xyelidae. Social hymenopterans appeared during the [[ക്രിറ്റേഷ്യസ്|Cretaceous]].<ref name="IIBD1">{{cite book |author = Hoell, H.V., Doyen, J.T. & Purcell, A.H.|year = 1998|title = Introduction to Insect Biology and Diversity, 2nd ed.|publisher = Oxford University Press|page = 320|isbn = 0-19-510033-6}}</ref> The evolution of this group has been intensively studied by A. Rasnitsyn, M. S. Engel, G. Dlussky, and others.
 
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
 
"https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/ഹൈമനോപ്റ്റെറ" എന്ന താളിൽനിന്ന് ശേഖരിച്ചത്